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(一)情态动词

1、情态动词在句中没有人称和数的变化。

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7.  在It is time that, I would rather that句式中从句谓语动词用过去式。例如:

It is time we went to bed.

I would rather he came next week.

第二节 实战演练

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6.  在有些句型中如:It is important (necessary、natural、strange等) + that从句中的谓语动词用should + 动词原形,should可以省略。例如:

It is necessary that the doctor (should) be sent there at once.

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5.  在有些动词如:suggest、insist、order等动词后,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可以省略。例如:

He suggested that we (should) discuss the problem right now.

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4.  动词wish后的宾语从句中,谓语动词可用过去式、过去完成式或would、might加原形。

例如:I wish I were as strong as you.

He wished I would stay with us.

She wished I had attended the meeting yesterday.

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3.  表示与将来事实相反的谓语形式。

       从句
主句
动词过去式
should + 动词原形
were to + 动词原形
 
would (should、could) + 动词原形

例如:If they came tomorrow, we would told them about it. (In fact, they won’t come tomorrow。)

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2.  表示与过去事实相反的谓语形式。

从句
主句
had + 过去分词
would (should、could) + have +过去分词

例如:If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus. (In fact, I didn’t catch the bus.)

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虚拟语气表示说话人的意愿、假设、猜测或建议。虚拟语气不表示客观存在的事实,谓语动词用特殊的形式表示虚拟语气。

1.  表示与现在事实相反时的谓语形式。

从句
主句
过去式 (be和were)
would (should、could)+ 动词原形

例如:If Tom were hungry, he would eat the bread. (In fact, Tom isn’t hungry.)

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4. must与have to比较

must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要,have to侧重于客观上的必要。如果用于过去时态或将来时态时,则要用have to的相应时态来代替must。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。

My brother was very ill,so I had to call for the doctor in the middle of the night.

我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(一般过去时)

I haven't got any money with me,so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.

我身上没有钱,只好向朋友借点了。(一般将来时)

He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。

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3. have to的疑问句

句型:Do(Does, Did, Will)+主语+have to +动词原形?

Do you have to study maths now?

你现在必须学数字吗?

Yes,I do.是的,必须学。

No,I don't(have to)。不,不必学。

Did he have to ask the question?

他非要问那个问题吗?

Yes,he did.是的。

No,he didn't(have to).不。

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