(一)情态动词
1、情态动词在句中没有人称和数的变化。
7. 在It is time that, I would rather that句式中从句谓语动词用过去式。例如:
It is time we went to bed.
I would rather he came next week.
第二节 实战演练
6. 在有些句型中如:It is important (necessary、natural、strange等) + that从句中的谓语动词用should + 动词原形,should可以省略。例如:
It is necessary that the doctor (should) be sent there at once.
5. 在有些动词如:suggest、insist、order等动词后,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可以省略。例如:
He suggested that we (should) discuss the problem right now.
4. 动词wish后的宾语从句中,谓语动词可用过去式、过去完成式或would、might加原形。
例如:I wish I were as strong as you.
He wished I would stay with us.
She wished I had attended the meeting yesterday.
3. 表示与将来事实相反的谓语形式。
从句 |
主句 |
动词过去式 should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 |
would (should、could) + 动词原形 |
例如:If they came tomorrow, we would told them about it. (In fact, they won’t come tomorrow。)
2. 表示与过去事实相反的谓语形式。
从句 |
主句 |
had + 过去分词 |
would (should、could) + have +过去分词 |
例如:If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus. (In fact, I didn’t catch the bus.)
虚拟语气表示说话人的意愿、假设、猜测或建议。虚拟语气不表示客观存在的事实,谓语动词用特殊的形式表示虚拟语气。
1. 表示与现在事实相反时的谓语形式。
从句 |
主句 |
过去式 (be和were) |
would (should、could)+ 动词原形 |
例如:If Tom were hungry, he would eat the bread. (In fact, Tom isn’t hungry.)
4. must与have to比较
must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要,have to侧重于客观上的必要。如果用于过去时态或将来时态时,则要用have to的相应时态来代替must。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
My brother was very ill,so I had to call for the doctor in the middle of the night.
我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(一般过去时)
I haven't got any money with me,so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.
我身上没有钱,只好向朋友借点了。(一般将来时)
He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。
3. have to的疑问句
句型:Do(Does, Did, Will)+主语+have to +动词原形?
Do you have to study maths now?
你现在必须学数字吗?
Yes,I do.是的,必须学。
No,I don't(have to)。不,不必学。
Did he have to ask the question?
他非要问那个问题吗?
Yes,he did.是的。
No,he didn't(have to).不。
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