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15.Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.
Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this.As a boy,he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class.Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(坚持不懈) can lead.
At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".
In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else.He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work."Gurdon said.
In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物) in the world.
In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (样本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favors the prepared mind,"Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization."Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize(抓住) the chance."

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并在答题卡上按要求作答.
66.Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?C
A.Sir John Gurdon.
B.Shinya Yamanaka.
C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka        
D.Gurdon's science teacher.
67.In what order are the followings mentioned in the passage?B
a.create the sheep Dolly
b.take a cell from an adult frog
c.use a person's skin to create stem cells
d.move a frog's genetic information into an egg cell
e.grow into a clone of a frog
A.b-a-c-d-e          
B.b-d-e-a-c            
C.b-d-a-c-e            
D.b-e-d-a-c
68.What does the underlined word"ridiculous"mean?D
A.无知的            
B.无谓的              
C.荒废的              
D.荒谬的
69.According to the passage,which statement is ture?D
A.As a boy,he was told he was hopeful.
B.He ranked first at his high school in biology.
C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D.In spite of his teacher's criticisms,he kept working hard.
70.What's the main idea of the passage?B
A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B.Luck favors the prepared mind.
C.Life if full of surprises.
D.How to know cells actually work.

分析 文章大意:这篇文章主要讲述了Gurdon,一位诺贝尔获得者的故事.生活往往充满了惊喜,你永远不知道下一秒会发生什么.Gurdon就是一个鲜活的例子.当他还是小孩的时候,他是班级的倒数,可谁曾想过就是这样一个被认为与科学家无缘的男孩长大后,在79岁之际获得了在干细胞研究方面的诺贝尔奖.像其他许多科学家一样,是好奇与坚持的力量铸就了他今日的辉煌.即使被老师和同学们不看好,他仍然坚持早到晚出实验室,一遍遍尝试.1962年,他将一只成年青蛙的基因信息导入到卵细胞中成功的克隆了这只成年青蛙,这一技术对后来世界上第一只哺乳动物山羊多莉的克隆起着关键的作用.2006年,Gurdon采集人的皮肤样本创造干细胞,使用这一技术医生可以在病人心脏病发作时及快的修复.通过Gurdon我们相信越努力越幸运,我们的坚持总有回报.

解答 66.答案C.细节理解题.根据"Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知两人共同获得了诺贝尔医学奖,故选C.
67.答案B.细节理解题.根据"in 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog"可知他先从成年青蛙中取一个细胞;之后将这个青蛙的基因信息导入到另一个卵细胞中;然后这个卵细胞成长为了一只克隆青蛙;利用这一技术1996年有了克隆羊多莉;2006年利用人体皮肤创造干细胞;依据顺序综上所述,故选B.
68.答案D.词意推断题.根据"At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject"可知他在生物等理科课程方面的成绩在高中是250个男生中的最后一名,因此老师说他做科学家的梦想是"滑稽的,荒谬的",故选D.
69.答案D.细节理解题.根据"In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard"可知他不管老师的看法,依旧跟随自己的好奇心坚持努力工作,故选D.
70.答案B.主旨大意题.根据"Luck favors the prepared mind",文章结尾点名主旨,可知"机会总是留给有准备的人",尽管很多工作没有结果,但只有那样,当机会来临时我们才能抓住它.同时全篇也都描写了主人公为实现梦想所做的各种努力,有准备才会成功,故选B.

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