Question

ÒÑÖªH₂SO₃ÊÇÒ»ÔªÈõËᣬ³£ÎÂÏÂÏÖÓÐ0.1mol/L H₂SO₃ÈÜÒº£¬Çë»Ø´ðÒÔÏÂÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿NaHSO₃¹ÌÌ壬´ËʱÈÜÒºÖÐ

c(H+)

c(HSO3-)

 

£¨Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©£®
£¨2£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpH

 

£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©7£¬ÆäÔ­ÒòΪ

 

£®
£¨3£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÇÒ¶þÕßµÄÌå»ý±ÈΪ2£º3£¬Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº¿Éʹ×ÏɫʯÈï±äºìÉ«£¬ÔòËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÎïÁÏÊغãʽΪ0.1mol/L=

 

£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ

 

£®
£¨4£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÈÜҺǡºÃ³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬´Ëʱc£¨Na⁺£©

 

2c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©£®
£¨5£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬ËùµÃ»ìºÏÒºpH=6£¬Ôò´ËÈÜÒºÖÐ2c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©-c£¨Na⁺£©=

 

mol/L£¨Ìîд׼ȷÊý¾Ý£©£®

Answer 1

¿¼µã£ºÈõµç½âÖÊÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖеĵçÀëƽºâ,Ëá¼î»ìºÏʱµÄ¶¨ÐÔÅжϼ°ÓйØphµÄ¼ÆËã

רÌ⣺

·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿NaHSO₃¹ÌÌ壬c£¨HSO₃^-£©Ôö´ó£¬H₂SO₃µÄµçÀëƽºâÄæÒÆ£¬c£¨H⁺£©¼õС£»
£¨2£©NaHSO₃ÈÜÒºÖÐHSO₃^-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£»
£¨3£©0.1mol/L H₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÓëµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖÐÄÆÔ­×ÓºÍÁòÔ­×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈºÍΪ0.1mol/L£»¶þÕßµÄÌå»ý±ÈΪ2£º3ʱÉú³ÉµÈÁ¿µÄNa₂SO₃ºÍNaHSO₃£¬ÄÆÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óÓÚc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¬µçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬Ôòc£¨SO₃^2-£©£¾c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã·ÖÎö£»
£¨5£©ÏȼÆËãÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÀë×ÓºÍÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶È£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã¼ÆË㣮

½â´ð£º ½â£º£¨1£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿NaHSO₃¹ÌÌ壬c£¨HSO₃^-£©Ôö´ó£¬H₂SO₃µÄµçÀëƽºâÄæÒÆ£¬c£¨H⁺£©¼õС£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÖÐ

c(H+)

c(HSO3-)

¼õС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¼õС£»
£¨2£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬·´Ó¦Ç¡ºÃÉú³ÉNaHSO₃£¬NaHSO₃ÈÜÒºÖÐHSO₃^-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÔòpH£¼£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¼£»HSO₃^-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£»
£¨3£©0.1mol/L H₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol/LµÄNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖÐÄÆÔ­×ÓºÍÁòÔ­×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈºÍΪ0.1mol/L£¬Ôò0.1mol/L=c£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©+c£¨H₂SO₃£©£»0.1mol/L H₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol/LµÄNaOHÈÜÒºÒÔÌå»ý±ÈΪ2£º3»ìºÏʱÉú³ÉµÈÁ¿µÄNa₂SO₃ºÍNaHSO₃£¬ËùÒÔÄÆÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óÓÚc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¬ÓÉÓÚµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬Ôòc£¨SO₃^2-£©£¾c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬ËùÒÔËùµÃÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¾c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©+c£¨H₂SO₃£©£»c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¾c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£»
£¨4£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÈÜҺǡºÃ³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãΪ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©=2c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨H⁺£©=c£¨OH^-£©£¬Ôòc£¨Na⁺£©=2c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¬ËùÒÔc£¨Na⁺£©£¾2c£¨SO₃^2-£©£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»
£¨5£©ÈôÏòH₂SO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬ËùµÃ»ìºÏÒºpH=6£¬Ôòc£¨H⁺£©=10^-6mol/L£¬c£¨OH^-£©=10^-8mol/L£¬ÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãΪ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©=2c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©£¬Ôò2c£¨SO₃^2-£©+c£¨HSO₃^-£©-c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨H⁺£©-c£¨OH^-£©=10^-6-10^-8mol/L£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º10^-6-10^-8£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÈõµç½âÖʵĵçÀë¡¢ÑεÄË®½â¡¢ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½ÏµÈ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬×¢Òâ°ÑÎÕÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãµÄÓ¦Óã®