11.XI'AN-China has introduced various emergency responses and longterm measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.
The air quality index (AQI) for Xi'an reached 500on Wednesday afternoon,at the top of the AQI scale,according to the national air quality monitoring website.Xi'an weather forecasters predict the smog (雾霾) will continue for the next week and air pollution may worsen.
"I have to keep buying masks for my family,"said Liu,buying masks at a pharmacy (药店) near her home in downtown Xi'an."This is the only thing we can do to protect ourselves."
On Wednesday,a city government emergency response plan was put into action,suspending all the construction and taking at least 50percent of government vehicles off the road.Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.
Nearly half the country,more than 100cities in 20provinces,has suffered from smog since last December.Many have taken action,including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog,limiting vehicle use and fining polluters.
Assessments based on GDP alone were abandoned last month and more emphasis has been put on public wellbeing and the environment.Whether the move will be effective in forcing local governments consider environmental issues over economic growth remains to be seen.Environmental protection professionals are doubtful about the immediacy of the effects of these measures.
Xiao Hang,an urban researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,said it took London 50years to lose the moniker (绰号)"foggy London town"and Los Angeles still struggles to control its photochemical (光化学) smog.""We can't ignore environmental problems during the development process and China has a long way to go."he said.
41.What would be the best title for the article?B
A.AQI for Xi'an reached 500.
B.Smoggy Chinese cities to clear the air.
C.Smog crisis tries the limits of people's patience.
D.Dust masks become hot sellers.
42.The underlined word"suspending"in Paragraph 4can be replaced by"C".
A.encouraging
B.continuing
C.stopping
D.expanding
43.We can infer from the article thatA.
A.assessments based on GDP alone were harmful to environmental protection
B.environmental professionals believe the air quality will soon be improved with these measures
C.China is the only country suffering from smog
D.Xi'an was the most polluted city in China
44.What Xiao Hang said indicatesA.
A.solving environmental problems requires great effort
B.the development of China is more important
C.London still has serious air pollution after 50years of effort
D.it's normal for China to have environmental problems
45.Where can this article be found?C
A.A magazine
B.A composition
C.A newspaper
D.A textbook.
分析 本文是一篇关于中国采取措施整治环境污染,减少雾霾的新闻报道.在文中作者提到了西安的空气质量,提到了西安市民以及政府对此采取的应对措施.也提到了国家为了整治环境污染而采取的措施,并且指出整治污染是一个长期的过程.
解答 41.B.主旨大意题.本文是新闻报道,在文章首段提出中心,即:中国已经启动紧急预案和并且采取长期措施来应对雾霾天气,由此判断C选项内容更能体现文章中心,故选B.
42.C.词义猜测题.根据第四段a city government emergency response plan was put into action,可知后文是对紧急应对计划的解释,由此推断应该是停止正在建设的项目,以减少污染,故选C.
43.A.细节理解题.根据文中"Assessments based on GDP alone were abandoned last month and more emphasis has been put on public wellbeing and the environment."可知,基于GDP的评估对环境保护是有害的,这才废除.故选A.
44.A.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段中"We can't ignore environmental problems during the development process and China has a long way to go,和对伦敦治理雾霾的漫长过程可知解决环境问题需要人们付出很大的努力,故选A.
45.C.推理判断题.仔细阅读全文可知,这是一篇新闻报道,最有可能是在报纸上.故选C.
点评 本文是新闻报道类阅读理解文章,阅读此类文章主要是要了解:
①新闻报道了什么事件;②事件是因为什么而发生的,相关背景如何;③文段中指出的事件发生过程中的突出细节是 什么;④事件造成的后果是什么;⑤事件的本质是什么,透过事件的表面现象,我们看到了什么社会问题.通过这样的梳理,我们就可以把新闻的脉络理清楚.这类材料命题点往往落在事实细节上.