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    Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.
    Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have ______ shocking differences in perception between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they are _____ of a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a(n) _____ science journal.
    In Western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly ______ entities. When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, ________ inter-dependence, When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on the surroundings as well as the object.
    Using an experiment ________ two tasks, Dr. Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that played to American’s _______. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asian.
    The level of brain activity, by ______ blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brain were ______. For the Americans, areas ______ to attention were more favorable to them, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult --- estimating the line’s size relative to the square. The findings are a ______ of more than ten years of previous experimental research into East-West differences.
    In one study, for instance researchers ______ people a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen, and Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.
    Culture does not only make a(n) ______ on how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us ______ to how our brain works and holds new promises for us to develop programs to improve our memory techniques and __________ our learning skills.
    小题1:
    A．recoveredB．revealedC．rejectedD．replaced
    小题2:
    A．awareB．sensitiveC．capableD．ignorant
    小题3:
    A．essentialB．complexC．leadingD．inviting
    小题4:
    A．independentB．creativeC．cooperativeD．responsible
    小题5:
    A．neglectB．rely C．complimentD．emphasize
    小题6:
    A．involvingB．referringC．joiningD．participating
    小题7:
    A．respect B．favorC．surpriseD．resistance
    小题8:
    A．reducingB．addingC．trackingD．speeding
    小题9:
    A．the sameB．differentC．uniqueD．unusual
    小题10:
    A．objectiveB．associatedC．oppositeD．linked
    小题11:
    A．commentB．reflectionC．reactionD．respond
    小题12:
    A．providedB．offeredC．suppliedD．handed
    小题13:
    A．agreementB．effortC．impactD．affect
    小题14:
    A．cluesB．ideasC．conceptsD．suggestions
    小题15:
    A．riseB．enableC．decreaseD．enhance

    小题1:B
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:A
    小题5:D
    小题6:A
    小题7:B
    小题8:C
    小题9:B
    小题10:D
    小题11:B
    小题12:B
    小题13:C
    小题14:A
    小题15:D  

    试题分析：文章介绍一项对于东西方人的认知方面的不同的研究，得出结论，西方人认为自己是独立的，东方人认为人们是相互依存的关系，文化差异导致东西方人们的认知水平的差异，但是可以改变的。
    小题1:考查动词：A. recovered恢复，B. revealed揭示，C. rejected拒绝，D. replaced代替，根据with the help of brain scans,可知在大脑扫描的基础上，研究人员揭示亚洲人和西方人的认知的不同。选B
    小题2:考查形容词：A. aware意识到，B. sensitive敏感的，C. capable   有能力的，D. ignorant无知的，愚昧的，他们怎么意识到广场的简单的线。选A
    小题3:考查形容词：A. essential基本的，B. complex复杂的，C. leading主要的，D. inviting诱人的，这些研究是以=一个主要的科学期刊出版的，选C
    小题4:考查形容词：A. independent 独立的， B. creative有创造力C. cooperative合作的，D. responsible 负责的，从后面的When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings.可知西方人认为自己是独立的，选 A
    小题5:考查动词：A. neglect忽视，B. rely依赖，C. compliment向……道贺，称赞，向……致意D. emphasize强调，和西方人不同的是亚洲人是相信相互依存，选D
    小题6:考查动词：A. involving涉及，B. referring指，C. joining参加，D. participating参与，使用涉及两个任务的实验。BCD都要接介词，选A
    小题7:考查名词：A. respect尊敬，B. favor赞同，喜爱，C. surprise惊讶，D. resistance抵制，, 从后面的an easier task for the Asian.可知这个任务是有利于美国人的，to one’s favor对某人有利。选B
    小题8:考查动词：A. reducing减少，B. adding增加，C. tracking跟踪，D. speeding加速，通过跟踪血液流动，大脑的活动水平就被大脑扫描仪检测到了，选C
    小题9:考查形容词：A. the same同样的，B. different不同的，C. unique独特的，D. unusual不寻常的，从前面的句子：The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance,可知他们的大脑的活动水平是不一样的，选B
    小题10:考查形容词：A. objective客观的，B. associated有联系的，C. opposite相反的，D. linked有联系的，和注意力有关的部分更加有利于他们。Associated和with连用，选D
    小题11:考查名词：A. comment评论，B. reflection反射，反应，C. reaction反应，D. respond回答，这个发现反应了对多年来的东西方的差异的研究，选B
    小题12:考查动词：A. provided提供，B. offered提供C. supplied提供D. handed递交，研究人员提供给人们5只钢笔的选择。Offer sb sth，provide sb for sth，supply sb for sth，选B
    小题13:考查名词：A. agreement同意，B. effort努力，C. impact影响，D. affect影响（动词），文化不仅影响你怎么看待这个世界，而且影响你怎么选择理解它，选C
    小题14:考查名词：A. clues线索，B. ideas注意，C. concepts概念，D. suggestions建议，这样的研究给我们对于大脑是如何运作的新线索。选A
    小题15:考查动词：A. rise升起，上涨，B. enable能够，C. decrease减少，D. enhance提高，增加，加强，从前面的improve our memory techniques可知这里是提高学习技能，选D
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    小题1:
    A．WhenB．While C．AsD．Since
    小题2:
    A．inB．byC．withD．for
    小题3:
    A．classroomB．officeC．dormitoryD．workshop
    小题4:
    A．controlledB．adjustedC．damagedD．enriched
    小题5:
    A．out of questionB．out of the questionC．likelyD．easy
    小题6:
    A．walkmanB．radioC．TVD．Internet
    小题7:
    A．sacrificingB．satisfyingC．possessingD．sticking
    小题8:
    A．approachB．administrationC．accessD．permission
    小题9:
    A．systemB．connectionC．programD．instrument
    小题10:
    A．howeverB．butC．andD．yet
    小题11:
    A．offerB．sellC．chooseD．decide
    小题12:
    A．failingB．lackingC．avoidingD．participating
    小题13:
    A．benefitB．functionC．disadvantageD．shortcoming
    小题14:
    A．workB．learnC．readD．chat
    小题15:
    A．spanB．facilityC．limitD．lag
    小题16:
    A．pointsB．viewsC．ideasD．criticisms
    小题17:
    A．chatB．communicateC．cooperateD．concentrate
    小题18:
    A．e-mailsB．lettersC．messagesD．speeches
    小题19:
    A．evolvedB．improvedC．boomedD．abandoned
    小题20:
    A．hunting forB．searching forC．calling forD．longing for

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    What do college teachers think of high school English teachers’English teaching? And how should we see it? Let’s read the following.
    A teacher from a community college addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described how weak his students were—all high school graduates who can use language only at a Grade 9 level.
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    My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following is natural. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies（缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
    The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults, the language of the young always seems inadequate.
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    小题1:The speaker believed that ________.
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    B．the younger generation was as likely as not worse at language than the older generation
    C．high school English teachers should be responsible for their students’ poor command of English
    D．The fact that the students didn’t work hard enough contributed to their poor command of English
    小题2: In the author’s opinion, the speaker ________.
    A．had exaggerated (夸大) the language problems of the students
    B．was right in saying English teachers were not doing their jobs
    C．gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students
    D．thought and spoke in a wise and responsible way
    小题3:What can we conclude from the passage?
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    B．The author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level.
    C．It is reasonable to include English as one of the high school subjects.
    D．The English language teaching is by no means an easy job for college teachers.
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Teaching a child to read at a young age gives him a valuable start in life. Reading is the basic part of education and a child’s reading ability will influence his school success greatly. Learning difficulties, many of which begin from poor reading skills, can damage a school child’s confidence and affect his future achievement. Young children are programmed to learn and they can learn better with encouragement. Ten to twenty minutes of reading a day still leaves plenty of time for play.
    Many parents are concerned that learning to read is too challenging a task for a pre-school child, but they should also remember that most children learn to speak by the time they are 3. Learning a language is probably the single most challenging task any individual can undertake, yet children do it without formal instruction, achieving the fluency much better than adult language students.
    There is a window of opportunity in terms of IQ development, which is most open during a child’s early years. A scientific study, carried out by Dr. Peter Huttenlocher at the University of Chicago, showed that the number of connectors, called synapses（神经元突触）, between the nerve endings in a newborn baby’s brain is similar to the number in the average adult brain. These synapses increase rapidly during early childhood. By 12-24 months a child’s brain has about 50% more synapses than the average adult brain. After that the synapses which are not in use begin to atrophy（衰退）. For most people, from age 16, the number remains steady. It begins to drop again as we move into our golden years. Doing intellectual activities at a young age, such as learning to read, can stimulate（刺激）and preserve these connectors in the brain resulting in a long-term beneficial（有益的）effect on IQ development.
    Another notable study is probably the Milwaukee project. This study took a group of babies, all of whose mothers had low IQs, and gave them special training for seven hours a day, five days a week, until they started first grade. By the age of 6 these children had an average IQ 30 points higher than their contemporaries. The overwhelming conclusion is that the early intellectual stimulation can have a positive, long-term effect on a child’s brain development.
    From birth you should talk to and explain things to your baby. Reading to him can be a wonderful way of spending quality time with your child. The enjoyment of books and being familiar with the idea of print will pave the way for（为……铺平道路）learning to read later.
    If your child is a fast learner you can help him realize his potential by introducing him to the joy of the printed word at an early age. This will lay the foundations（基础）for both a high achieving school career and a lifelong love of reading. If your child shows early signs of reading difficulties, your efforts may help him get rid of such problems before he goes to school.
    It can be difficult to teach your own child because emotional（引起情绪激动的）issues arise easily. Online programs for learning to read English are excellent options. They allow children to repeat new materials as many times as they need to, without wearing out the parents’ patience.
    小题1:What does the passage mainly discuss?
    A．Children should be taught to read at an early age.
    B．Children can read better than most adult students.
    C．Children have more synapses than most adults.
    D．Children are supposed to learn to read on the Internet.
    小题2:Why does the author mention the study by Dr. Peter Hutten locher?
    A．To remove parents’ worry.
    B．To explain IQ development.
    C．To explain how a baby’s brain works.
    D．To show the parents’ wrong ideas.
    小题3:How can children benefit from learning to read at a young age?
    A．It can build up great confidence in their mind.
    B．It can help preserve the connectors in their brains.
    C．It can help produce more connectors in their brains.
    D．It can help them find both their weaknesses and strengths.
    小题4:At the end of this passage the author advises _______.
    A．parents not to get angry too often
    B．children to enjoy reading as early as possible
    C．children not to wear out their parents’ patience
    D．parents to get their children to take an online program

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    If the eyes are the romantic’s window into the soul, then the teeth are an anthropologist’s ( 人类学家 ) door to the stomach.
    In a study published last month in the journal Science, Peter Ungar of the University of Arkansas and his partner, Matt Sponheimer of the University of Colorado, US, examined the teeth of our early human ancestors to find out what they were really eating.
    They already knew that different foods cause different marks on teeth. Some cause scratches, while others cause pits (坑).The carbon left on teeth by different foods is also different. Tropical grasses, for example, leave one kind of carbon, but trees leave another kind because they photosynthesized ( 光合作用 ) differently.
    Traditionally, scientists had looked at the size and shape of teeth and skulls ( 头骨 ) to figure out what early humans ate. Big flat teeth were taken to be signs that they ate nuts and seeds, while hard and sharp teeth seemed good for cutting meat and leaves. But this was proven wrong.
    The best example was the Paranthropus (傍人), one of our close cousins, some of which lived in eastern Africa. Scientists used to believe Paranthropus ate nuts and seeds because they had big crests(突起)on their skulls, suggesting they had large chewing muscles and big teeth. If this had been true, their teeth should have been covered with pits like the surface of the moon. They would also have had a particular type of carbon on their teeth that typically comes from tree products, such as nuts and seeds.
    However, when the two scientists studied the Paranthroupus, it turned out to have none of these characteristics. The teeth had a different kind of carbon, and were covered with scratches, not pits. This suggests they probably ate grass, not nuts and fruit stones. It was the exact opposite of what people had expected to find.
    Carbon “foodprints” give us a completely new and different insight into what different species ate and the different environments they lived in. If a certain species had the kind of carbon on its teeth that came from grasses, it probably lived in a tropical grassland, for example.
    小题1:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 probably means that _____.
    A．anthropologists can study the structure of human stomachs by studying their teeth.
    B．anthropologists can study the diet of early humans by studying their teeth
    C．anthropologists can learn whether humans were healthy by looking at their teeth
    D．anthropologists can get the most useful information about humans from their teeth
    小题2:According to Paragraph 3 to 5, which of the following statements is TRUE?
    A．Scratches on teeth are caused by eating nuts or seeds.
    B．Pits on teeth are caused by eating grass or leaves.
    C．Early humans with hard and sharp teeth ate meat and leaves.
    D．Different foods leave different marks and carbon on teeth.
    小题3:The example of the Paranthropus was mentioned in the article in order to _____.
    A．tell readers that they are one of our close cousins living in eastern Africa
    B．tell readers they had different eating habits from modern humans
    C．prove that size and shape of skulls does not show accurately what early humans ate
    D．tell readers that living environment makes a difference to skull structure

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Education has an important effect on the mind or physical ability of an individual. It is the process by which society passes its accumulated knowledge, skills, and values from one generation to another.
    Various non-traditional education options are now available and continue to flourish（繁荣）. One of the most important uses in education is the use of technology. Teachers are encouraged to use new technological devices in order to strengthen learning among students and meet the needs of various types of learners.
    The right to education has been created and recognized by jurisdiction（司法）. Education is the most important concern of the government of India. Recently India has gained world recognition because many students from foreign countries come here to gain higher qualifications.
    One has to be educated in order to speed up the growth process in order to influence the economy. Education is indeed a powerful weapon to stop the cut- throat competition that man faces at every period of life. The importance of education in India is progressing with time. Although India has been a great foundation of learning for many years, it still needs to improve not just on the quality of education but also on the number of people being educated.
    Education is not just for academic success but also to make a person become a better human being and a better performer in life. Education makes the students able enough, so that they can compete nationally and internationally. To make a student a successful survivor in life, the responsibility lies equally with the schools and the parents too. Selecting a good school is as important as choosing a suitable career option for a child. The goal of education is the advancement of knowledge and the dissemination of truth, it is education that gives us all the power and necessities of making a difference in any field.
    People who are not educated have few opportunities to do what they want to do. Educated people become more responsible and informed citizens, and have a voice in politics and society. It allows people to be more productive by encouraging them to play responsible roles in terms of contributing to society.
    小题1:Nowadays teachers are encouraged to ______.
    A．study modern science and technology
    B．pass all knowledge to their students
    C．use non-traditional devices in class
    D．meet the needs of intelligent student first
    小题2:The author uses the example of Indian education to show that____.
    A．Indian education is among the best in the world now
    B．Indian is becoming more and more powerful now
    C．the right to education should be valued all over the world
    D．a lot of students in India are from other countries
    小题3:The underlined word “dissemination” in Paragraph 5 probably means “______”.
    A．spreadB．ignorance C．argumentD．question
    小题4:What do we know about education from the passage?
    A．It has nothing to do with society
    B．It helps people to achieve what they want
    C．It has little effect on people’s physical ability
    D．It makes a poor man become rich
    小题5:What is the passage mainly about?
    A．The importance of educationB．The responsibility of education
    C．The development of educationD．The purpose of education

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