海 淀 区 高 三 年 级 第 一 学 期 期 末 练 习
化 学 2008.1
学校 班级 姓名
题号
第I卷
第Ⅱ卷
总分
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
分数
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，第Ⅰ卷1至3页，第Ⅱ卷4至8页，共100分。考试时间120分钟。答题时请将第Ⅰ卷每小题的正确答案选出后，填在第4页答卷表格的相应空格中，若仅答在第Ⅰ卷上则不给分。请将第Ⅱ卷各题的答案直接答在试卷的相应位置上。
可能用到的相对原子质量
H
可能用到的溶解度(
物质
NaCl
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
NH4HCO3
(NH4)2CO3
NH4Cl
溶解度/g
36.0
21.3
9.6
21.0
55.8
37.2
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共45分）
本卷共15道小题，每小题3分，共45分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一个选项。
1．下列关于环境污染的说法不正确的是
A．二氧化硫、二氧化氮和二氧化碳任意排放都会导致酸雨
B．生活污水、农药和难分解有机物等会造成水体污染
C．装饰材料中的甲醛、芳香烃及氡等会造成居室污染
D．二氧化碳和甲烷等物质的大量排放会造成温室效应的加剧
2．下列说法正确的是
A．多数合金的熔点一般比组成合金的各成分金属高
B．变色玻璃中的一种是含有溴化银和微量氧化铜的玻璃
C．红宝石、蓝宝石和金刚石都是由碳元素组成的宝石
D．光导纤维的主要成分是硅，可广泛用于通信和医疗领域
3．下列说法正确的是
A．红热的铁与水反应可生成氧化铁和氢气
B．工业上可用金属铝与氧化镁熔融反应制备金属镁
C．纯净的氢气可以在氯气中安静地燃烧，发出苍白色火焰
D．将二氧化硫通入到紫色石蕊试液中，试液先变红后褪色
4．下列实验操作或安全事故处理中正确的是
A．用分液漏斗分离甘油和水的混合物
B．用乙醇和浓硫酸除去乙酸乙酯中的少量乙酸杂质
C．不慎将苯酚沾到皮肤上，先用氢氧化钠溶液清洗，再用大量的清水冲洗
D．稀释浓硫酸时，将浓硫酸沿烧杯壁慢慢注入水中并不断搅拌
5．右图是制备和收集气体的实验装置，该装置可用于
A．浓硝酸与铜反应制取二氧化氮
B．碳化钙与食盐水反应制取乙炔
C．浓氨水与生石灰反应制取氨气
D．浓盐酸与二氧化锰反应制取氯气
6．下列说法正确的是
A．淀粉、纤维素和葡萄糖均属于多糖
B．苯和甲苯均能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色
C．用溴水能鉴别苯、四氯化碳、乙醇和苯酚
D．溴乙烷在氢氧化钠醇溶液共热的条件下生成乙醇
7．下列离子方程式不正确的是
A．向碳酸氢钙溶液中加入过量的氢氧化钠溶液：Ca2++OH-+HCO-3
CaCO3↓+H2O
B．硫酸亚铁溶液中加入用硫酸酸化的过氧化氢溶液：2Fe2++H2O2+2H+
2Fe3++2H2O
C．铜和稀硝酸反应：3Cu+8H++2NO3-
3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2O
D．向次氯酸钙溶液中通入少量二氧化碳：Ca2++2ClO-+CO2+H2O
2HClO+CaCO3↓
8．如图电解池中装有硫酸铜溶液，选用不同材料的电极进行电解。下列说法正确的是
序
号
电极材料
通电后的变化
阴极
阳极
A
石墨
石墨
阴极质量增加，溶液的pH增大
B
铜
铜
阳极质量减小，阴极质量增加
C
铁
铁
两极的质量不发生变化
D
铂
铁
阴极质量增加，溶液的pH不变
9．能大量共存于同一溶液中，且当水电离c(H+)=10-13mol/L时，又能发生反应的离子组是
①Na+、Ba2+、Cl-、HCO3-
②K+、NH4+、CH3COO-、SO
③Ca2+、NH4+、SO、SO
④Fe3+、Na+、SCN-、Cl-
⑤Al3+、Na+、HCO3-、NO3-
A．只有① B．②③ C．①④ D．①②
10．为监测空气中汞蒸气是否超标，通过悬挂涂有CuI(白色)的滤纸，根据滤纸是否变色(亮黄色至暗红色)及变色所需时间来判断空气中的汞含量。发生的化学反应为：
4CuI+Hg Cu2HgI4+2Cu。下列说法不正确的是
A．上述反应属于置换反应
B．该反应中的氧化剂为CuI
C．Cu2HgI4既是氧化产物又是还原产物
D．当有1 mol CuI参与反应时，转移电子的物质的量为0.5 mol
11．短周期元素X、Y、Z和W的原子序数依次递增，且均为同周期，四元素原子的最外层电子数之和为18，X和Y的原子序数比6∶7，X的最高正价是W的最低负价绝对值的2倍。下列说法不正确的是
A．Y的单质可能为原子晶体
B．X和W可组成离子化合物
C．Z和W的单质发生化学反应可生成两种共价化合物
D．Z和W的最高价氧化物对应水化物都是强酸
12．下列实验能达到预期目的是
序号
实验内容
实验目的
A
向甲酸和甲醛的混合液中加入氢氧化钠溶液，中和甲酸后，加入新制的氢氧化铜加热
检验混合物中是否含有甲醛
B
向米汤中加入含碘的食盐，观察是否有颜色的变化
检验含碘食盐中是否含碘酸钾
C
向红砖粉末中加入盐酸，充分反应后，取上层清液于试管中，滴加硫氰化钾溶液，观察溶液颜色的变化
检验红砖中是否含有Fe3+
D
向淀粉溶液中加入稀硫酸加热后，再做银镜反应实验
检验淀粉是否水解
13．某温度下在容积为
A．若升高温度，W的体积分数减小，则该反应ΔH<0
B．以Y的浓度变化表示的反应速率为0.01 mol／(L?s)
C．在其他条件不变的情况下，增加1 mol X，则X和Y的转化率均提高
D．增大压强正反应速率增大，逆反应速率减小，则平衡向正反应方向移动
14．下列说法正确的是
①标准状况下，
②标准状况下，a L的氧气和氮气的混合物含有的分子数约为
×6.02×1023
③
④
⑤1 mol乙醇中含有的共价键数约为7×6.02×1023
⑥500 mL 1 mol／L的硫酸铝溶液中含有的硫酸根离子数约为1.5×6.02×1023
A．①④ B．②⑤ C．③⑤ D．②⑥
15．有浓度均为0.1 mol／L ①醋酸溶液 ②氯化铵溶液 ③硫酸溶液各25 mL。下列说法正确的是
A．三种溶液pH大小的顺序是①>②>③
B．若将三种溶液稀释相同倍数，pH变化最大的是①
C．三种溶液中由水电离产生的氢离子浓度大小顺序是②>①>③
D．若分别加入25 mL 0.1 mol／L的氢氧化钠溶液后，pH最大的是①
海 淀 区 高 三 年 级 第 一 学 期 期 末 练 习
化 学 2008.1
请将第Ⅰ卷中各小题答案前的字母，填写到下表中相应的位置上。
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
答案
题号
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
答案
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共55分）
16．(4分)元素周期表中的六种元素①②③④⑤⑥位置如下图所示：
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
回答下列问题。
(1)由②④⑤三种元素组成的无机物(相对分子质量106)，其水溶液呈碱性，用离子方程式表示其原因： 。
(2)只含①③④三种元素的一种常见离子化合物中，元素③的化合价分别处于最高价和最低价，则其水溶液中离子浓度的由大到小顺序为 。
(3)元素③的氢化物与元素④单质在一定条件下发生置换反应，在该反应中氧化剂与还原剂的物质的量之比为 。
(4)用惰性电极电解元素⑥的最高价氧化物对应水化物的稀溶液，阳极的电极反应式为 。
17．(6分)请根据题目要求回答下列问题。
(1)工业接触法制硫酸的生产中用到的设备有：①沸腾炉、② 、③吸收塔，写出在设备②中，发生的主要反应的化学方程式： 。
(2)已知SO2转化为SO3的反应为放热反应，下图中正确的是 (填序号)。
 |
(3)在吸收塔中，为了提高SO3的吸收率，工业上选择的吸收剂是 (填序号)。
A．H2O B．稀H2SO
(4)在101 kPa时，燃烧
。
18．(5分)含碳、氢、氧三种元素的某链状有机物A，测得其相对分子质量为116，分子组成中碳、氢、氧三种元素的原子个数比为1∶1∶1。又知A能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，0.1 mol A与足量NaHCO3溶液反应生成
(1)A的分子式为 ，A分子中含有官能团的名称是 、 。
(2)已知A分子中没有支链，其结构简式为 。
(3)写出A能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色的化学方程式：
。
19．(8分)芳香族化合物X可发生如下的相互转化关系。已知W中含有两个相同的含氧官能团。
(1)Z的名称为 ，Z在浓硫酸存在的条件下，与甲醇共热的化学方程式为：
。
 |
(2)W的分子结构可表示为： (其中C7H7和A为未知部
分),已知X中只有一个甲基，则X的结构简式为(不能用代码表示)：
，
X能发生的反应类型有 (填序号)。
A．取代反应 B．加成反应 C．消去反应 D．氧化反应
(3)若X的多种同分异构体中，除C7H7―(含苯环)结构不同外，其余部分均与X的结构相同，写出它们的结构简式。
。
20．(7分)A、B、C和D均为短周期元素组成的非金属单质。其中B、C、D在常温下为气态，A为固体，W为含42个电子的离子化合物。它们满足如下图的转化关系(反应条件略)。
(1)已知E为直线型的非极性分子，则E的结构式为 ；
D单质的电子式为 ；G中两元素的原子个数比为1∶3，则G分子的空间构型为 。
(2)C+D→G的化学方程式为 。
(3)已知短周期元素X与B中的元素位于同一主族，则X的最高价氧化物对应水化物的浓溶液与A反应的化学方程式为 。
(4)
。
21．(7分)X、Y、Z、W和N均是由短周期元素组成的五种化合物。已知五种化合物水溶液的焰色反应均呈黄色，Y、Z和N均由三种元素组成。请根据题目要求回答下列问题。
(1)固体化合物X为浅黄色粉末，该化合物中含有的化学键有 (填序号)。
A．离子键 B．极性共价键 C．非极性共价键 D．氢键
(2)写出X与二氧化碳反应的化学方程式 。
(3)下表为Y与Z实验的部分内容：
序号
主要实验步骤及实验现象
①
在含Y的溶液中，加入稀硫酸放置，产生浅黄色沉淀和无色有刺激性气味的气体，该气体可使品红溶液褪色
在含Z的溶液中，滴加盐酸，开始有白色沉淀，继续滴加盐酸，白色沉淀先增加后消失，然后加入过量的氨水又出现白色沉淀
③
将实验②最终得到的混合物加热蒸发、灼烧，最终得到白色固体
写出Y与稀硫酸反应的离子方程式 。
(4)写出含0．1 mol Z的溶液与20 mL 5 mol／L的盐酸反应的离子方程式：
。
实验③加热蒸发、灼烧得到的最终产物主要是 。
 |
(5)化合物W和N可以相互转化：W N。若有W和N?xH2O的混合物
22．(11分)某校化学课外小组用硫酸铁废液(含少量硫酸铜和稀硫酸)，制备硫酸亚铁晶体并进行如下实验。制备硫酸亚铁晶体主要的操作流程如下。
 |
请根据题目要求回答下列问题。
(1)A的化学式为 ，上述操作过程中用到的玻璃仪器有：①烧杯、②玻璃棒、③酒精灯、④温度计、⑤ 。
(2)趁热过滤的目的是 。
(3)结晶操作过程中应控制滤液酸性的原因是 。
(4)已知硫酸亚铁铵［(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2］比硫酸亚铁稳定，常用在分析化学中。硫酸亚铁铵可用硫酸铵和硫酸亚铁反应制得。实验室利用硫酸亚铁铵溶液和草酸溶液反应生成草酸亚铁沉淀来制备草酸亚铁。写出硫酸亚铁铵溶液与草酸溶液反应的离子方程式 。
(5)草酸亚铁晶体(相对分子质量180)受热易分解。某课外小组设计如图的实验装置来检验其分解产物。
 |
①该装置中最不合理的部分 (填字母)，原因是
。
②改用正确装置实验开始后，B处变蓝，说明草酸亚铁晶体中有 ；C处有白色沉淀，E处部分黑色粉末变为红色，说明草酸亚铁分解产生
(填化学式，下同)；反应后在A处试管中有黑色固体粉末(混合物)产生，倒出时有燃烧现象。A处试管中的黑色固体粉末可能是 。
23．(7分)已知CuO在高温下用H2还原，可生成Cu，也可能有Cu2O生成。当H2足量时，生成的Cu2O也能被H2还原成Cu。
(1)写出H2在高温下还原CuO过程中可能发生反应的化学方程式：
①CuO+H2
Cu+H2O,②
，
③ 。
(2)Cu+在酸性溶液中不稳定，可发生自身氧化还原反应生成Cu2+和Cu。现有浓硫酸、浓硝酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸四种试剂。简述如何用最简便的实验方法来检验CuO经氢气还原所得到的红色产物中是否含有Cu2O。
。
(3)若将
(4)若有a g CuO和Cu2O的混合物，加入2.0 mol／L H2SO4 V mL，使混合物恰好全部反应，则V的取值范围为 。
海 淀 区 高 三 年 级 第 一 学 期 期 末 练 习
化 学
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习
英 语 2008.1
学校 班级 姓名
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共115分)
第一部分：听力理解(共两节，30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1．How is David going to the park?
A．On foot． B．By bus． C．By bike．
2．What will the man do while the woman is away?
A．Clean the house． B．Buy some plants． C．Water the plants．
3．What is the man’s favorite free-time activity?
A．Going fishing． B．Playing chess． C．Listening to music．
4．How long will the man wait at the airport?
A．Forty-five minutes． B．Fifteen minutes． C．Half an hour．
5．What is the weather like?
A．Sunny but cold． B．Windy but warm． C．Cloudy and freezing．
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分)
听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项
中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将
给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．Why does Mary have to work late?
A．To watch a game． B．To write a report． C．To visit her friend．
7．When will Mary probably arrive at the game?
A．7：00 pm～8：00 pm． B．8：00 pm～9：00 pm． C．9：00 pm～10：00 pm．
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is Carol like?
A．She’s sociable． B．She’s serious． C．She’s shy．
9．Which is likely to be Bob?
10．How does the woman know Bob?
A．She is taking tennis lessons from him．
B．They met at a party two months ago．
C．They learn tennis in the same class．
听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。
11．What is the woman doing?
A．Talking to her boss． B．Waiting for a phone call． C．Exercising in the garden．
12．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Neighbors． B．Good friends． C．Husband and wife．
听第9段材料，回答第13至14题。
13．Where did the man get his knowledge about computers?
A．From a video game． B．From a magazine． C．From an article．
14．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．Different uses of computers．
B．Software for accounting systems．
C．Booking tickets through computers．
听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What does the girl think of the movie?
A．Disappointing． B．Amazing． C．Boring．
16．What kind of movie are they talking about?
A．Comedy． B．Action movie． C．Science fiction.
17．Where does this conversation take place?
A．At a movie theater． B．At the speakers’home． C．In the neighbor’s house．
听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What service is being advertised?
A．Carpet cleaning． B．Food service． C．House repair．
19.What is the cost of the service if customers call now?
A．$4．49． B．$25．46． C．$29．95．
20．Who is most likely to call for the service?
A．Master Cleaners． B．Repair workers． C．Housewives．
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants．
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
答案是B。
21．―Peter，you know what? Mother says we can have a dog!
―Great! But I’d rather have a cat．It is to take care of．
A．the easiest B．easiest C．easier D．easy
22．―Haven’t seen you all for ages! all right?
―Not good．We’ve got problems with sales．
A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing
23．―We should get together next week．
―Sounds like a plan! I you a call．
A．will give B．would give C．have given D．give
24．―Gina has a sweet tooth and loves meat more than anything else．
―No wonder she weight so fast．
A．gains B．gained C．had gained D．is gaining
25．―Please carry a cell phone to make it easier for me to get hold of you．
―OK，Dad．But I am eighteen．You worry so much．
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．wouldn’t
26．Teamwork is very important in modern society． an effective team member，you
need to develop a teamwork attitude．
A．Become B．Becoming C．Having become D．To become
27．All his attention on the computer game he was playing，so he even didn’t notice
his mother enter the room．
A．has been fixed B．was fixing C．was fixed D．fixed
28．With the development of its economy，Beijing has changed recognition in the
last five years.
A．without B．beyond C．over D．with
29．The Chinese government has made the Mid-autumn festival a legal holiday，
people will have a day off．
A．when B．which C．where D．what
30．It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty．
A．so B．as C．then D．that
31．The No．5 subway line， in October 2007，has greatly improved the traffic conditions
in Beijing．
A．opened B．was opened C．being opened D．to be opened
32．These children are wild．I feel sorry for has to be their babysitter．
A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever
33．She did not allow her failure in the exam to discourage her． ，she began to work
twice as hard．
A．In addition B．On the whole
C．In conclusion D．On the contrary
34．Despite the great success of Chang’e-1，experts say，it will be at least ten
years our astronauts can land on the moon．
A．while B．before C．since D．until
35．Environmental groups intend to the pressure until the government changes the law．
A．keep up B．make up C．pick up D．bring up
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
To Be Lucky，Be Prepared
I remember the exact moment I learned the principle of preparing for luck．
I was on the wrestling team．Now，if there’s one thing I can tell you about any sport，it is that wrestling is probably the sport that has the least 36 ．There are only two people out on the mat，so you cannot 37 it on your teammates or your coach．And guess what? There is no 38 because we do the whole thing indoors，so you can’t say，“It was raining”or“It was snowing．”It makes 39 to say wrestling is the sport with the least luck．
On our team were two world champions；one of them had been a world champion five times．
We 40 had five people who were national champions．One of them was a guy 41 the name
of John．
John had
never been
One day，we
The match was over．
I remember on the bus on the way home，one of our teammates tried to 48 John by saying，
“Oh，he just got lucky.”And John said，“That’s so stupid．The opportunity presented itself， 49 he exploited it．”
We used to have this big sign in our wrestling room that the coach had 50 there：“Luck is what happens when opportunity 51 preparation.”
John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity．The probability of 52 John was not strong，and he knew it．But he paid attention to the 53 opportunity to present itself，and he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion．
In other words，the real 54 is“Be prepared!”It’s not just finding the opportunity；you have to be prepared to 55 it．
36．A．1uck B．risk C．difficulty D．opportunity
37．A．accuse B．blame C．doubt D．keep
38．A．stress B．injury C．weather D．standard
39．A．judgment B．progress C．sense D．way
40．A．also B．even C．only D．once
41．A．under B．for C．in D．by
42．A．hurt B．chosen C．trained D．defeated
43．A．although B．because C．unless D．until
44．A．went for B．waited for C．fought for D．played for
45．A．sign B．step C．task D．move
46．A．fixed B．threw C．caught D．carried
47．A．accidentally B．fortunately C．unfairly D．instantly
48．A．calm B．comfort C．convince D．forgive
49．A．so B．or C．and D．but
50．A．set B．put C．left D．used
51．A．meets B．suits C．gets D．fits
52．A．striking B．beating C．knocking D．controlling
53．A．equal B．exact C．rest D．right
54．A．message B．passage C．decision D．suggestion
55．A．receive B．follow C．seize D．save
第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，共40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked，“Who broke this window?”Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done，but also what our teacher may have found out．She seldom became angry，but she was this time．
“Oh，” I thought．I was the one who broke the window．It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball．If I admitted guilt，I would be in a lot of trouble．How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get an allowance.“ My father is going to have a fit，”I thought．I didn’t want to raise my hand，but some force much stronger than I was pulled it skyward．I told the truth.“I did it．”It was hard enough to say what I had．
My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student，but I feared she was going to start with me．
“I know how you like birds，”she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face．“Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out．It is yours now．It’s time we got a new one for the school anyway．You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed，I am rewarding you for your truthfulness.”
I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide―the very one that I had been saving up money to buy.
All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me．That lesson stays with me every day and it will echo forever.
56．From the story，we can learn that the boy .
A．didn’t break the window on purpose
B．lacked the strength to admit his guilt
C．tried to think about what he had done
D．didn’t know what the teacher would find out
57．If the boy admitted guilt，he thought he would NOT ．
A．be punished by the teacher B．make his father angry
C．pay for the broken window D．get a bird field guide
58．Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy’s feelings?
A．Afraid ― Surprised ― Thankful．
B．Frightened ― Amazed ― Proud．
C．Regretful ― Guilty ― Excited．
D．Nervous ― Afraid ― Satisfied．
59．What is the lesson the boy’s teacher taught him?
A．Every coin has two sides． B．Honesty is always valued．
C．Bad luck never comes alone． D．It’s never too late to be careful．
B
ANY VOLUNTEERS？
MORE WAYS TO GET INVOLVED WHILE HAVING
GREAT FUN
60．All of the volunteers will in the four activities．
A．teach young kids B．have a lot of fun
C．experience nature D．beautify the environment
61．If you are short of money，which group would you like to join?
A．ENKOSINI ECO EXPERIENCES B．EARTH WATCH INSTlTUTE
C．HABITAT NEW ORLEANS D．GLOBAL VOLUNTEERS
62．According to the advertisement，which of the following is true?
A．You have to cook yourself in EARTH WATCH INSTITUTE．
B．You need to have experience to join HABITAT NEW ORLEANS．
C．You may learn to feed a baby in ENKOSINI ECO EXPERIENCES．
D．You have a chance to serve in a community in GLOBAL VOLUNTEERS．
C
In Britain and other countries，young people sometimes take a“gap year，”a year off between high school and college．This idea never gained a big following in America．Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing，though there are no official numbers．
Charles Deacon，Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington，D．C．，
estimates that in the current first-year class of 1600 students，only about 25 decided to take a year off．He says this number hasn’t changed much over the years．
Mr．Deacon says the most common reason for taking a“gap year”is to have a chance to travel，but he says international students may take a“gap year”to meet requirements at home for military duty．
Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education，but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests．Students hoping to be doctors，for example，could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital．
Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy．
The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its Web site called“Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”．It praises the idea of taking time off to step back，think and enjoy gaining life experiences outside the pressure of studies．It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time．
Of course，a“gap year”is not for everyone．Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college，and parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off．Another concern is money．A year off，away from home，can be costly．
Holly Bull’s job is to specialize in helping students plan their“gap year”．She notes that several books have been written about this subject．She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off，and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college．
63．What is the passage mainly about?
A．More and more American students are choosing to take a year off．
B．If you want to go to an American university，take a“gap year”first．
C．It is likely that taking a“gap year”is becoming popular in America．
D．Americans hold different opinions towards students’taking a“gap year”．
64．How many reasons for students’taking a“gap year”are mentioned in the passage?
A．2． B．3． C．4． D．5．
65．The essay“Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”suggests that ．
A．every student must take a“gap year” before applying for a famous university
B. some famous universities encourage students to gain more life experiences
C．taking a“gap year”can make students free from life learning
D．the stress of studies does harm to the students’health
66．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Books and media have contributed to the students’interest in school learning．
B．Charles Deacon doesn’t support the idea of the students’taking a“gap year”．
C．Parents might disagree with the program，concerned about their children’s future．
D．Experts agree taking a year off will benefit the students emotionally and physically．
D
I was working with a client who was completely burned out on her career and life and then ready for a career change．As we were talking，she said，“I just wish I had meaningful work．I don’t feel like I am making a difference．I am just wasting my life．”This is the theme I hear most often from clients who have been in the workforce awhile．All of us want to feel like we are making a difference．We want to believe our work means something．The problem comes in defining“meaningful work．”What is it? That answer is different for everyone．For some meaningful work might be helping others organize their office．For others it may mean making a million dollars．
What really matters is how you see it．What is meaningful work to you? Take out a piece of
paper and answer these questions．How do you define meaningful work? When do you feel like you are really making a difference? What work have you done so far that feels the most meaningful? Write down whatever comes to mind．
It is very easy to start judging yourself as being selfish. Stop！Allow yourself to be honest. The fact is when Picasso painted，he was doing it because he liked to paint. He was not thinking，“Oh，I hope this brings joy to others’lives.”He painted because he wanted to. When Beethoven composed, he did it because he loved music. Even scientists searching for a cure for cancer are immersed in their work because it fascinates them.
It is easy to downplay the importance of work that feels meaningful. I remember Tony Robbins told a story of talking with the owner of a major company. The man said to Tony．“I wish I could do what you do because it makes such a difference in people’s lives.”Tony said.“ You’ve got to be kidding! Look at what a difference you make. You provide work，health insurance and security for thousands of people!”Don’t underestimate the value you provide.
Take a look at what you have written about meaningful work. Do you see any themes? How do you wish to contribute to this world？Whatever you choose，remember that the greatest gift you can give is to find work that makes you feel fulfilled and joyful. Honor your preferences because giving your gifts to the world，whatever they look like，is the most meaningful action you can ever take.
67．Which should come first to see whether you are doing something meaningful?
A．What is meaningful work to you?
B．Where can you find meaningful work?
C．How do you wish to contribute to the world?
D．How can you make a difference in your work?
68．What does the writer mean by mentioning the famous people?
A．Famous people are selfish to start work for themselves.
B．Doing meaningful work requires our interest in it.
C．Interest is the best teacher in learning.
D．Honesty makes for the greatest people.
69．When you downplay the value of your work，you tend to think it is .
A．quite different B．very successful
C．not meaningful D．less important
70．According to the passage，what meaningful job does the writer advise us to take?
A．The one which is popular in society.
B．The one which brings you profits.
C．The one which wins you fame.
D．The one which interests you.
71．The article is intended to .
A．explain the most important aspect in changing one’s career
B．advise taking a preferable action to find meaningful work
C．suggest we should show confidence and talent in work
D．show us how to give our greatest gift to society
E
Have you pulled your car up to the gas pump lately and
been shocked by the high price of gas? As the pump clicked past $50，$60，$70 or even $80,maybe you
thought about trading in your car for something that gets better mileage．Or maybe you’re worried that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect.
The car industry has the technology to address these concerns. It’s the hybrid car. There are a lot of hybrid models on the market these days，and most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own versions.
To be useful to you，a car must meet certain minimum requirements.
The car should be able to drive at least 300 miles(
A gasoline car meets these
requirements，but produces
a relatively large amount of pollution and generally gets poor gas mileage. An
electric car，however，produces
almost no pollution，but it can only go 50 to 100
miles(80 to
The hybrid is a compromise. It significantly increases the mileage and reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car while overcoming the shortcomings of an electric car．
Most hybrid cars on the road right now are gasoline-electric hybrids，although French car maker Citroen has two diesel-electric hybrid（柴油电动混合）cars in the works.
In fact，hybrid vehicles are all around us．For example，an electric bike is a type of hybrid because it combines the power of electricity with the pedal power of its rider. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids．Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses ― these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Submarines are also hybrid vehicles ― some are nuclear-electric and some are diesel-electric．Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or indirectly provide propulsion power is a hybrid．
72．From the passage，we know the hybrid cars can do the following EXCEPT ．
A．going 50 to 100 miles between charges
B．recharging quickly and conveniently
C．reducing environmental pollution
D．driving farther between refueling
73．The writer didn’t directly tell us in the passage．
A．what the shortcomings of gasoline cars and electric ones are
B．what solutions have been found to bring gas prices down
C．what basic features people expect their cars to have
D．what car drivers are concerned about today
74．What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A．Developing hybrid vehicles is a new trend．
B．Only modern cities can provide hybrid cars．
C．A hybrid is more powerful and energy saving．
D．What general characteristics a hybrid vehicle has．
75．What may be the best title for the passage?
A．Hybrid Car ― Best Seller in the Car Market
B．Hybrid Car ― Reputation in the Car Industry
C．Hybrid Car ― A Better Choice for the Future
D．Hybrid Car ― A New Technical Invention
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 情景作文（20分）
某英文报以Learn to Manage on Our Own 为题向中学生征文，请根据下列图片，讲述上周你们的班主任生病期间你班同学的表现，写一篇短文投稿。
注意：1.词数不少于60。
2.短文内容必须包括图片所提供的主要信息（可适当增加内容）。
提示词：流动红旗：Weekly Model Class
Learn to Manage on Our Own
第二节 开放作文（15分）
请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50。
In your English class，you are given the following topic to discuss：If I Could Be Any Age，…Which age would you like to be and why？Please give at least two reasons and explain them.
If I Could Be Any Age，…
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习
英 语
2008年福州市高三第二次质检
数学(理科)试卷
(考试时间：120分钟；满分150分)
注意事项：
1.本科考试分试题卷和答题卷，考生须在答题卷上作答，答题前，请在答题卷的密封线内填写学校、班级、学号、姓名；
2.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟.
参考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么P（A＋B）＝P（A）＋P（B）．
如果事件A、B相互独立，那么P（A?B）＝P（A）?P（B）．
如果事件A在一次试验中发生的概率是
，那么它在n次独立重复试验中恰好发生k次的概率
.
球的表面积公式
,其中R表示球的半径.
球的表体积公式
,其中R表示球的半径.
第Ⅰ卷 （选择题 共60分）
一.选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分. 在每小题所给的四个答案中有且只有一个答案是正确的）
1．若
为实数，则复数
有可能等于（ ）.
A．
B． 
C． 
D．
2．已知集合
，
，则
（ ）.
A．
B．
C．
D．
3. 函数
的反函数是（ ）.
A．
B．
C．
D．
4. 直角坐标系
中，
，若三角形
是直角三角形，则
的可能值的个数是（ ）
Ａ．1 Ｂ．2 Ｃ．3 Ｄ．4
5. 不等式
的解集为
，则函数
的图象大致为（ ）
A B C D
6. 已知首项为正数的等差数列
满足: 
,
,则使其前
n项和
成立的最大自然数n是（ ）.
A. 4017
B
7. 已知a,b,c为三条不同的直线，且a
平面M，b
平面N，M∩N =c ．①若a不垂直于c，则a与b一定不垂直；②若a//b，则必有a//c；③若a⊥b，a⊥c则必有M⊥N以上的命题中正确的是（ ）
A．① B．② C．③ D．②③
8. 如果把圆C:x2+y2=1沿向量a=(1,m)平移到
,且与直线3x-4y=0相切,则m的值为（ ）
A.2或-
B.2或 C.-2或 D.-2或-
9. 某电视台连续播放5个广告，其中有3个不同的商业广告和2个不同的奥运宣传广告，要求最后播放的必须是奥运宣传广告，且2个奥运宣传广告不能连续播放，则不同的播放方式有
A．120种 B．48种 C．36种 D．18种
10．已知函数
在区间
上至少取得2次最大值，则正整数
的最小值是（ ）
|
，在区间
上有最小值，则函数
在区间
上一定（ ）
，映射
将
对应到另一个平面直角坐标系
上的点
，则当点
沿着折线
运动时，在映射
的轨迹是（ ）
，那么它在n次独立重复试验中恰好发生k次的概率
.
,其中R表示球的半径.
,其中R表示球的半径.
的解集是（ ）.
）
（1，＋
若
，则
的范围是 ( ) 
B. 
C. 
D. 
为两个平面，
为两条直线，且
，
，有如下两个命题：①若
，则
；②若
，则
，那么（ ）.
的反函数图象过点（1，5），则函数
的展开式中，二项式系数和为
，各项系数和为
，则
（ ）
中: 
,则
（ ）
中，
，若三角形
是直角三角形，则
的可能值个数是（ ）
”是“
”的（ ）
沿向量
平移到
,且
相切,则
的值为（ ）. 
B.2或
，在区间
上有最小值，则函数
在区间
，映射
将
对应到另一个平面直角坐标系
上的点
，则当点
沿着折线
运动时，在映射
的轨迹是（ ）.
互斥，那么 球的表面积公式
表示球的半径
球的体积公式
其中
互斥，那么 球的表面积公式
表示球的半径
球的体积公式
其中
πR3，其中R表示球的半径.