Question

2£®ÓÐÍ­·ÛÓë½ðÊôþ¡¢Ìú¡¢Ð¿·ÛÖеÄÒ»ÖÖ×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÎΪÁËÈ·¶¨Æä³É·Ö²¢²â¶¨Æä×é³É£¬½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
È¡¸Ã»ìºÏÎï·ÛÄ©10g·ÅÈëÉÕ±­ÖУ¬½«140.0gÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ14.0%µÄÏ¡ÁòËáƽ¾ù·ÖËĴμÓÈë¸ÃÉÕ±­ÖУ¬³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºó£¬²âµÃÊ£Óà¹ÌÌåÖÊÁ¿Êý¾Ý¼Ç¼Èçͼ£®Í¨¹ý¼ÆË㣨д³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£©£¬
Çó£º
£¨1£©¸Ã»ìºÏÎï·ÛÄ©ÖÐÍ­µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¿
£¨2£©ÊµÑéËùÓÃÏ¡ÁòËáÓÉŨÁòËáÅäÖÆ£¬Å¨ÁòËáÊÔ¼ÁÆ¿±êÇ©Èç±íËùʾ£®ÔòÖÁÉÙÐèÒªÕâÖÖŨÁòËá¶àÉÙºÁÉý£¿

ÁòËᣨ500 mL£© Æ·Ãû£ºÁòËá »¯Ñ§Ê½£ºH2SO4

£¨3£©µÚ¶þ´Î¼ÓÈëÁòËá³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºó£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÊǶàÉÙ£¿£¨±£ÁôһλСÊý£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÒòÍ­ÓëËá²»·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦ºóÊ£Óà¹ÌÌåÖÊÁ¿4.2g¼´ÎªÆäÖÊÁ¿£¬¹Ê¿ÉÇó³ö»ìºÏÎï·ÛÄ©ÖÐÍ­µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÈÜҺϡÊÍÇ°ºóÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿²»±ä½â´ð£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬ÓÉ·´Ó¦ÏûºÄÁòËáµÄÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËã·Å³öÇâÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔËÓÃÖÊÁ¿Êغ㶨ÂÉ£¬¼ÆËã·´Ó¦ºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÓÉÌâÒâºÍÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª»ìºÏ·ÛÄ©ÖÐÍ­µÄÖÊÁ¿Îª6.2¿Ë£¬
¡à»ìºÏÎï·ÛÄ©ÖÐÍ­µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý=$\frac{6.2¿Ë}{10¿Ë}$¡Á100%=62%
´ð£º»ìºÏÎï·ÛÄ©ÖÐÍ­µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ62%£®
£¨2£©ÖÁÉÙÐèÒªÕâÖÖŨÁòËáµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£º140.0¿Ë¡Á14.0%¡Â80%=24.5¿Ë
ÖÁÉÙÐèÒªÕâÖÖŨÁòËáµÄÌå»ýΪ£ºV=m/¦Ñ=24.5g/1.73g/cm³=14.16ml
´ð£ºÖÁÉÙÐèÒªÕâÖÖŨÁòËá14.16ml£®                           
£¨3£©µÚ2´Î¼ÓÈëµÄÏ¡ÁòËáÖÐÁòËáµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£º140g¡Á14%¡Â2=9.8g£®
µÚ2´Î¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËáºó²Î¼Ó·´Ó¦µÄ½ðÊôµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£º10g-7.6g=2.4g£®
ÓÃM±íʾ»ìÈë½ðÊôµÄÔªËØ·ûºÅ£¬Éè¸Ã½ðÊôÔªËصÄÏà¶ÔÔ­×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îªx£®Ôò£º
    M+H₂SO₄¨TMSO₄+H₂¡ü
    x    98
   2.4g  9.8g
$\frac{x}{98}$=$\frac{2.4g}{9.8g}$   
   x=24g
ËùÒÔMSO₄µÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ120£¬
 ÉèÉú³ÉMSO₄µÄÖÊÁ¿ÊÇy£¬Éú³ÉH₂µÄÖÊÁ¿Îªz
M+H₂SO₄¨TMSO₄+H₂¡ü
     98    120  2
     9.8g   y   z
   $\frac{98}{9.8g}$=$\frac{120}{y}$=$\frac{2}{z}$
    y=12g     z=0.1g
¹ÊMSO₄ÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ$\frac{12g}{140g¡Â4¡Á2+2.4g-0.2g}$¡Á100%¡Ö16.6%

µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÄѶȽϴó£¬Ö÷Òª¿¼²éѧÉú¸ù¾Ýͼ±íÊý¾Ý¡¢»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÓëÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý×ÛºÏÓ¦Óýâ´ðÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÀûÓÃÿ´Î¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËáÇ°ºó¹ÌÌåÖÊÁ¿²î¼´·´Ó¦ÏûºÄ½ðÊôµÄÖÊÁ¿¹ØϵÅжϼÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËáµÄ·´Ó¦Çé¿öÊÇÕýÈ·½â´ð±¾ÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£®