Question

ʵÑéÊÒÓмס¢ÒÒÁ½Æ¿ÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒº£¬ÆäÖÐһƿÊÇÏ¡ÑÎËᣬÁíһƿÊÇ̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº£®Îª²â¶¨¼×¡¢ÒÒÁ½Æ¿ÈÜÒºµÄ³É·Ö¼°ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¬½øÐÐÒÔÏÂʵÑ飺
¢ÙÈ¡20mL¼×ÈÜÒº£¬ÏòÆäÖлºÂýµÎÈëÒÒÈÜÒº25mL£¬¹²ÊÕ¼¯µ½112mL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©ÆøÌ壮
¢ÚÈ¡25mLÒÒÈÜÒº£¬ÏòÆäÖлºÂýµÎÈë¼×ÈÜÒº20mL£¬¹²ÊÕ¼¯µ½56mL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©ÆøÌ壮
£¨1£©Åжϣº¼×ÊÇ

 

ÈÜÒº£¬ÒÒÊÇ

 

ÈÜÒº£»£¨¾ùÌѧʽ£©
£¨2£©ÊµÑéÖÐËù·¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£¨Ð´Á½¸ö£©£º

 

£»
£¨3£©¼×ÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ

 

mol/L£¬ÒÒÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ

 

mol/L£®

Answer 1

¿¼µã£ºÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽµÄÓйؼÆËã

רÌ⣺Àë×Ó·´Ó¦×¨Ìâ

·ÖÎö£ºÈô½«Na₂CO₃ÈÜÒºµÎÈëÑÎËáÈÜÒº£¬ÔòÑÎËáÏà¶Ô¹ýÁ¿£¬ËùÓÐCO₃^2-¶¼»áת»¯ÎªCO₂£»·´Ö®£¬½«ÑÎËáÈÜÒºµÎÈëNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒº£¬ÔòÑÎËáÏà¶Ô²»×㣬ǰһ²¿·ÖÑÎËὫCO₃^2-ÏÈת»¯ÎªHCO₃^-£¬ºóÒ»²¿·ÖÑÎËáʹ֮ת»¯ÎªCO₂£¬ÒòΪÁ½´ÎËùµÃCO₂ Ìå»ý²»Í¬£¬ËµÃ÷15mLNa₂CO₃Ïà¶ÔÓÚ25mLÑÎËáÀ´Ëµ¹ýÊ££¬ËùÒÔÒÒÊÇ̼ËáÄÆ£¬¼×ÊÇÑÎËᣬ½áºÏ·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ¼ÆË㣮

½â´ð£º ½â£º£¨1£©µ±ÏòÑÎËáÖмÓÈëNa₂CO₃ÈÜҺʱ£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦2H⁺+CO₃^2-=CO₂¡ü+H₂O£¬ÑÎËáÍêÈ«·´Ó¦ºó£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈëµÄNa₂CO₃²»ÔٷųöCO₂£»ÏòNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÑÎËáʱ£¬ÏÈ·¢Éú·´Ó¦CO₃^2-+H⁺=HCO₃^-£¬µ±ËùÓÐCO₃^2-¾ùת»¯ÎªHCO₃^-ʱ£¬ÔÙ·¢Éú·´Ó¦HCO₃^-+H⁺=CO₂¡ü+H₂O£¬ÓÉʵÑé¢Ù¢ÚÖÐÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖªµÈÁ¿µÄ¼×ÓëµÈÁ¿µÄÒÒ·´Ó¦£¬ÊµÑé¢Ù²úÉúµÄCO₂ÆøÌå¶à£¬ËµÃ÷¼×ΪHCl¡¢ÒÒΪNa₂CO₃£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºHCl£»Na₂CO₃£»
£¨2£©ÊµÑéÖÐËù·¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪCO₃^2-+2H⁺=CO₂¡ü+H₂O¡¢CO₃^2-+H⁺=HCO₃^-¡¢HCO₃^-+H⁺=CO₂¡ü+H₂O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCO₃^2-+2H⁺=CO₂¡ü+H₂O¡¢HCO₃^-+H⁺=CO₂¡ü+H₂O£» 
£¨3£©Á¿È¡20mL¼×ÈÜÒº£¬ÏòÆäÖлºÂýµÎ¼ÓÒÒÈÜÒº25mL£¬¹²ÊÕ¼¯µ½¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼112mL£¬n£¨CO₂£©=0.005mol£¬2HCl+Na₂CO₃=2NaCl+H₂O+CO₂¡ü£¬HClÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬Na₂CO₃Ê£Ó࣬n£¨HCl£©=2n£¨CO₂£©=2¡Á0.005mol=0.01 mol£¬c£¨HCl£©=

0.01mol

0.02L

=0.5mol/L£¬
È¡25mLÒÒÈÜÒº£¬ÏòÆäÖлºÂýµÎÈë¼×ÈÜÒº20mL£¬¹²ÊÕ¼¯µ½56mL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©ÆøÌ壬HClÓëNa₂CO₃¾ùÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬Na₂CO₃ÏÈÉú³ÉNaHCO₃£¬²¿·ÖNaHCO₃ ת»¯ÎªCO₂£ºn£¨CO₂£©=0.0025mol£»HCl+Na₂CO₃=NaHCO₃+NaCl£¬HCl+NaHCO₃=NaCl+H₂O+CO₂¡ü£¬ÔÚ¢ÚÖУ¬²úÆø0.0025mol£¬ËµÃ÷µÚ¶þ·´Ó¦ÑÎËáÓÃÈ¥0.0025mol£¬²ÎÓëµÚÒ»·´Ó¦µÄ¾ÍÊÇ0.0075mol£¬ÄÇô̼ËáÄƵÄÁ¿¾ÍÊÇ0.0075mol£¬c£¨Na₂CO₃£©=

0.0075mol

0.025L

=0.3mol/L£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.5£»0.3£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²é»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄ¼ÆË㣬²àÖØÓÚѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍ¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢Òâ°ÑÎÕ·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ»ò»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ½áºÏÖÊÁ¿Êغã¼ÆËã¸ÃÌ⣬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®