9. 动词

(1)动词的基本形式

(2)系动词

(3)及物动词和不及物动词

(4)助动词

(5)情态动词

8. 冠词

7. 副词(比较级和最高级)

6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)

5. 连词

4. 介词和介词短语

3. 数词

(1)基数词

(2)序数词

2. 代词

(1)人称代词

(2)物主代词

(3)反身代词

(4)指示代词

(5)不定代词

(6)疑问代词

1) 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。

2) 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。

Please write slowly and carefully.

3) 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。

改错：(错)I very like English.

(对)I like English very much.

注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

I don't know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely

close意思是"近"; closely 意思是"仔细地"

He is sitting close to me.

Watch him closely.

2)late 与lately

late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately?

3)deep与deeply

deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4)high与highly

high表示空间高度;highly表示程度，相当于much

The plane was flying high.

I think highly of your opinion.

5)wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

6)free与freely

free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely; say what you like.

形容词与副词的比较级

大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则

变化两种。

1) 规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

2) 不规则变化

as+形容词或副词原级+as

1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。

He cannot run so/as fast as you.

2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。

as +形容词+ a +单数名词

as + many/much +名词

This is as good an example as the other is.

I can carry as much paper as you can..

3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。

This room is twice as big as that one.

Your room is the same size as mine.

4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as<=> 倍数+ then + of

This bridge is three times as long as that one.

This bridge is three times the length of that one.

Your room is twice as large as mine.

Your room is twice the size of mine.

比较级形容词或副词+than

You are taller than I.

They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.

注意：

1)要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

(对) He is more clever than his brother.

(对) He is clever than his brother.

2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.

3)要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

4)要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。

比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two sisters.

可修饰比较级的词

1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等

2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

3)以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

典型例题:

1)---- Are you feeling ____?

---- Yes，I'm fine now.

A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good

D. quite better

答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.

2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.

A.moreB.much more C.much

D.more much

答案：C.much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。

3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.

A. the happiest timeB. a more happier time

C. much happiest timeD.a much happier time

答案：D。

高中英语语法项目表

说明：

(1)标*号的项目，七级要求理解，8级要求掌握。

(2)高中阶段的语法教学，应从语言运用的角度出发，把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来。要引导学生在语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。

1. 名词

(1)可数名词及其单复数

(2)不可数名词

(3)专有名词

(4)名词所有格

1) 在动词之前。

2) 在be动词、助动词之后。

3) 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意：

a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.

b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。

He speaks English well.