4. determine的用法

▲ 构词：determination n. 决心，决断，决意；决定，确定

▲ 搭配：

① determine to do sth 决定做某事

② determine on / upon (doing) sth 决定

③ a man of determination 有决断力的人

▲ 辨析：decide；determine这两个词都有“决定”的意思。decide的含义是“不再迟疑不定”，而

determine含义是“把某件事确定下来”。

在be determined to do…这个固定的结构中。过去分词determined的词义为“下定了决心”。

decide的名词为decision，determine的名词为determination。例如：At first，she decided to go to the police，…起初，她决定去找警察……

▲ 友情提示: decide后跟宾语从句时，其含义有时是“断

定”。I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. 我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context. 脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困难的。

注：在determine to do...，determine on (upon)... 和determine that...。(宾语从句)三个搭配中，determine的词义和decide几乎没有多大差异。He determined / decided to learn medicine. 他决定学医。

注：decide sb to do sth 决定使某人做某事What decided you to give up your job? 什么因素使你决定放弃你的工作?

[考例][2001京皖春招] Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must ____ the parts that are wrong.

　　 A. check　 B. determine　 C. correct　 D. recover

[考查目标]determine的用法。

[答案与解析]B　 determine和decide在一般情况下意思相同。

3. choice的用法

▲搭配：

① make a choice 选择

② make choice of 挑选，选择，选定

③ make / take one's choice 任意挑选

④ have no choice but to do sth 非……不可，除……之外别无他法

[考例][MET 1993] We've missed the last bus, I'm afraid we have no ____ but to take a taxi.

　　 A. way　 B. choice　 C. possibility　　 D. selection

[考查目标] choice的意思和习惯搭配。

[答案与解析]B　 choice是choose的名词形式．意思是

“选择”，在本句中构成固定搭配have no choice but to

do sth“不得不干……”。

2. apologize的用法

▲ 构词：apology n. 辩解，道歉

▲ 搭配：

① apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology的 sb for (doing) sth向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉

② apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护

[考例][NMET 1993]The captain ____ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.

　　 A. made　　 B. said　　 C. put　　 D. passed

[考查目标] apologize及其名词的用法和搭配。

[答案与解析]A make an apology的意思是“道歉”。

1. afford

　 (1) (和can，could，be able to连用) 有 (时间、经济等)　 条件(做某事) + to do

　 We can't afford to pay such a price.

　 afford + n. / pron. (出得起；买得起等)

　 They donot consider whether they can afford it or not.

　 (2) 经得起 (做某事或发生某事) (多+to do)

　 He could not afford to lose his fortune entirely.

10. Let's drink (a toast) to...!

☆单词聚焦☆

9. I'm sorry. I didn't mean to...

8. I wish you all the best.

7. That's all right. / That's OK. / No problem.

6. I'm (very / so / terribly) sorry. It's all my fault.

5. Excuse me / Forgive me for... / I apologize for…