3．　 在状语从句中的省略

1)　 在结果、目的状语从句so…..that,such…..that中

例：I got up early so(that)I could catch the early bus.

　 =I got up early (so) that I could catch the early bus.

2)　 在比较状语从句中

例：My elder sister is a head taller than I (am tall).

The weather in autumn in beijing is better than (the weather) in spring (in Beijing).

3)　 在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中(即由when，though，as if，if等引导的从句)，如果从句中的谓语有“be”，从句中的主语又和主句的主语相同或是it时，往往把从句中的主语和be都省略。

例：If (it is) necessary possible,the boss will go by himself.

When (he was) in trouble,he always asked me to help.

Though (they were) surrounded,the soldiers didn’t give up.

2．　 在定语从句中的省略

1)　 关联词在定语从句中担任宾语时可以省略。

例：This is the book (which/that) I want to buy.

The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.

The music (that/which) you are listening to is very beautiful.

2)　 关系副词that在定语从句中常代替when，而且可以省略。

例：1989 was the year (when/that0 he was born.

3)　 关联词在从句中作表语时可以省略。

例：She is no longer the girl (that/who) she used to be.

1．　 在宾语中从句中的省略

例：The letter says (that) they are ready for it.

We hope (that) we can win.

例：Why not watch TV?

=Why don’t we watch TV?

2．在词组be able to，used to，be going to和情态动词ought to，have to，need等词后。

例：He never goes there by bus now but he used to (go there by bus).

I’ve not been to America but I am going to (be there ).

1．为了避免重复，再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后，往往只保留不定式符号to，而省略后面的动词。

例：A:Would you like to join us in the game?

B:I’d like/love to.

A:Did you go to Shanghai last month?

B:No,I planned to (go to Shanghai last month).

例：A:Would you like to do it with me?

B:Sure/Certainly/Of course.(I’d like to)

例：(Is there)Anything I can do for you?

His room is big and mine (is) small.省略系动词

A:Do you ofen go to see films?

B:No,I don’t (go to see films).

B:Never.省略了主语和谓语

例：(I am)Glad to see you .

(I’ll) See you later.

(I) Thank you for coming here.

(Do you) Want some more ?

(It) Sounds like a good idea.

(It) Doesn’t matter.

3.祈使句

将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，句型是：tell/ask /order someone (not) to do something.)

如果祈使句为否定式，不定式前加not.

(1)”Make sure the door is shut ,” she said to her little son.

She told her little son to make sure the door was shut.

(2)”Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me.

　He told me not to smoke in the room。

第16讲省略句

为了避免重复或是由于习惯省略句子中的一个或几个句子成分，我们称着总语法现象为省略。省略在英语语法中很常见，尤其是在口语中。