0  437481  437489  437495  437499  437505  437507  437511  437517  437519  437525  437531  437535  437537  437541  437547  437549  437555  437559  437561  437565  437567  437571  437573  437575  437576  437577  437579  437580  437581  437583  437585  437589  437591  437595  437597  437601  437607  437609  437615  437619  437621  437625  437631  437637  437639  437645  437649  437651  437657  437661  437667  437675  447090 

   位置特征分析,就是通过分析命题特点,将元素放到周期表中的准确位置,然后利用类比法或利用周期律对元素性质进行合理的推断,从而使问题得到解决。

[例1] 已知短周期元素的离子aA2+bB+cC3-dD-都具有相同的电子层结构,则下列叙述中正确的是(   )

     A、原子半径 A>B>C>D     B、 原子序数d>c>b>a

C、离子半径 C>D>B>A     D、 非金属性 A>B>D>C

解析:由aA2+bB+cC3-dD-都具有相同的电子层结构,得出A、B、C、D在周期表中的位置为:

 由周期表中的递变规律可知:原子半径:B>A>C>D ; 原子序数:a>b>d>c ; 离子半径:C>D>B>A ;非金属性:D>C>A>B 。综上答案为C。

一种元素的位置、性质、结构之间存在着必然联系,若能将命题中涉及到的元素准确定位,巧妙比较,会使问题迅速解决。

试题详情

100.You ____  the book to me.You can keep it if you like.

  A.can't return   B.needn't have returned  C.may not return   D.can't have returned

巩固练习答案:

1-5 ADBAA   6-10 A DABD    11~15 BACBC   16~20 ADAAC    21~25 ACBBB

26~30 ABBCC    31~35 DDBAB    36-40 CBCDB   41-45 DACBD   46--50  DCBBB 

51-- 55 CDAAB   56--60 BBCBA    61--65 DCAAA   66--70 DDDCB    71--75  BDCDD  

76--80 CABCD   81--85BCCCC    86--90BADBA   91--95 CBBBB   96--100 CBACB

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99.I don't know what's the m atter.The train____here an hour ago.

  A.shall arrive    B.should arrive    C.should have arrived  D.ought have arrived

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98.I can't find my umbrella.I ____it at the office.

  A.could have left   B.can leave      C.should have left   D.shall have

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97.Li Ming ____ to visit his maths teacher last night.(but I am not sure)

  A.must have gone  B.might have gone   C.might go      D.may go

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96.I didn't hear the phone.I ____  asleep.

  A.must be      B.should be      C.must have been   D.should have been

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95. Sorry, I am late again. I ____ have taken a taxi to come here.

  A. need           B. should           C. will         D.must

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94. ---Shall I tell Li Ming about it?  ---No, you _____, he has known-about it already.

  A. oughtn't to          B. needn't        C. shouldn't        D. mustn't

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93. ---I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look?    ---Yes, certainly.

  A. Do                B. May             C. Shall         D. Should

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92. Sir, you ____ be sitting in this seat. It is for women or childen only.

  A. can't           B. oughtn't to      C. won't         D. needn't

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