7. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time - _______ an earlier train .
A. if I had not caught B. unless I had caught C. if I did not catch D. unless I caught
答案是B项。if…not和unless有时可以互相替换,但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子,即"如果A不受阻于B,A将发生",例如:He will accept the job if the salary is not too low / unless the salary is too low . (如果薪水不太低,他就会接受这一工作/除非薪水太低,否则他会接受这一项工作的。)但是unless不能用于"由于未发生B而发生A"的句子里,如:I will be quite glad if she does not come this evening (她今天晚上要是不来,我才高兴呢。)又如:I will be surprised if he does not win the game next week . (如果他赢不了下星期那场比赛,我倒会感到惊奇的。)在以上的两个句子中不能使用unless,但是unless常用来引导一个谈及过去的事后的想法,unless从句跟着主句,通常用破折号而不是逗号将它与主句分开。第7题的句意是:我不可能准时到会了-除非我当时赶上更早一列火车。这个句子的实际是说:我没有准时到会。我只有赶上更早的一趟火车,才能准时到会。如果用if … not代替上面句中的unless,那么这个句子就变成:I couldn't have got to the meeting on time if I hadn't caught an earlier train . (要不是我赶上了更早的一班火车,我就不可能准时到会。)这句话表达的意思与上句完全相反:我确实准时到会了,因为我赶上了更早的一趟火车。
6. I'd better not catch ______ that again !
A. your doing B. you doing C. you to do D. you being doing
答案是B项。如同感观动词一样,下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格(如him , Mary),其后是"动词-ing":start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如:When are you going to start him working for us ? (你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作?)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式,又可跟着不带to动词不定式,但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语+动词-ing的形式。
5. I posted the letter some time _____ the week .
A. in B. during C. throughout D. within
答案是B项。如同感观动词一样,下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格(如him , Mary),其后是"动词-ing":start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如:When are you going to start him working for us ? (你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作?)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式,又可跟着不带to动词不定式,但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语+动词-ing的形式。
4. Take a taxi , _____ you'll miss your train .
A. and B. if C. otherwise D. or
答案是C项。祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时,其连词用and,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时,用连词or。例如:Fail to pay and they will cut off the electricity . (不交钱,他们就会中断供电。)这是客观的评论;Tell us what to do and we will get on with it . (如果你告诉我们该做些什么,我们就会把它做好。)这明显是请求;Put on you overcoat when you go out , otherwise you will catch cold . (外出时你应该穿上大衣,不然的话你会感冒的。)显然这是忠告;Drop that gun , or I will shoot you . (把枪放下,否则我就开枪打死你。)很明显,这是威胁。
3. If you _____ stop smoking , you can only expect to have a bad cough .
A. won't B. would not C. do not D. can not
答案是A项。will除了用作表示将来时的助动词外,还可用来强调愿意或不愿意。又如: If you will would wait a moment , I will fetch the money . (如果你肯/愿意稍等片刻,我就把钱取来。)但是在表示不肯或不愿意时,则只能使用won't,不能使用would not。
2. There must be _____ book which could help .
A. some B. any C. one D. one useful
答案是A项。some除了用作数量词外,还可用来泛指未知的人或事物。又如:There must be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事肯定基于某种原因。)
1. I hope _____ the job she's applied for (申请) .
A. she's going to get B. she'll get C. she is to get D. she decides to get
答案是B项。will或shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时,要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是:hope , expect , be sure , believe , think , suppose , doubt 和be afraid 等。
50.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
答案解析:此题不能选A,假若选A,应在其后加上who,即用 anyone who;也不能选B,一是因为横线处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词 shares),二是因为在现代英语中 whomever这个词已基本废除 也就是说,在现代英语中whoever 既用做主语,也用做宾语,如:Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁);也不能选D,因为 no matter who只用于引导让步状语从句,不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为C,whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。
近年来,高考试卷中也常有这种"陷阱"题出现。当同学们遇到这种题时,既不可“轻易下手”,也不可不知所措,而应做到先三思而后行。首先,同学们要认真审题,发现“陷阱”。要灵活地运用语法规则,理顺思路,寻找“陷阱”。其次,要运用多向思维,分析“陷阱”。不要用习惯的、单一的、片面的思维去解题。再次,要去伪存真,识别“陷阱”。要抓住基本知识点及特殊现象,不厌其烦地归纳理解,认清选择题目中的“鱼目”及“珍珠”,避免落入“陷阱”。最后就是要加强验证,跳出“陷阱”。这就要求学习者要有良好的检查验证习惯,掌握验证的方法,即使落入了“陷阱”,也能在验证过程中,发现“陷阱”,并迅速地跳出来。
高中英语单项选择题讲练
49.I'll come to see you if _____.
A. you're convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
答案解析:此题最佳答案为B,但很容易误选A或C,因为按汉语意思,我们常说“如果你方便的话”,所以许多同学就将此直译为if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。但事实上,英语中convenient的意思不是“感到方便的”,而是“使人感到方便的”,所以be convenient的主语不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英语通常说if it is convenient for[to]you,其中的介词可用for或to,但一般不用with。
48. --- Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ---______ .
A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't
答案解析::完整回答为I won't forget to come to your birthday party tomorrow.答案为B. 选A是受上一句中Don't 影响。
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