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2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,如:     The girl in red is my sister.

  The man over there is our English teacher.

  The book on the desk is mine.

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1.指彼此都知道的人或事物,如:     Open the door, please.     Go and close the window.

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5.用于某些固定词组中,如:

  a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk,  have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson

(二)定冠词

定冠词的用法如下:

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4.表示数量,有“一”的意思,如:

  Behind the house there is a garden.

  once a week.

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3.泛指某人或某物,但未具体说明何人、何物,如:

  A boy is waiting for me.

Give me a pen, please.

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2.说明某人或某东西属于哪一类,如:

 This is a book.

 He used to be an engineer.

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1.用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,如:

A dictionary is a useful book.

An underground train can start and stop quickly.

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3.如果不定冠词和名词之间有其他词,不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如a rich uncle , a beautiful actress。

不定冠词的用法如下:

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2.如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头,而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素,就用an。例如hour, honest。

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(一)  不定冠词

不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音决定。以元音开头的词前用an,以辅音(包括半元音,不是元音字母)开头的词前用a。例如:

辅音字母或半元音开头:a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man

元音或半元音开头:an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera

值得注意的是:

1.如果不定冠词后面第一个词以辅音音素开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform; 以元音音素开头用an .例如:an uncle , an apple 。

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