2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,如: The girl in red is my sister.
The man over there is our English teacher.
The book on the desk is mine.
1.指彼此都知道的人或事物,如: Open the door, please. Go and close the window.
5.用于某些固定词组中,如:
a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson
(二)定冠词
定冠词的用法如下:
4.表示数量,有“一”的意思,如:
Behind the house there is a garden.
once a week.
3.泛指某人或某物,但未具体说明何人、何物,如:
A boy is waiting for me.
Give me a pen, please.
2.说明某人或某东西属于哪一类,如:
This is a book.
He used to be an engineer.
1.用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,如:
A dictionary is a useful book.
An underground train can start and stop quickly.
3.如果不定冠词和名词之间有其他词,不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如a rich uncle , a beautiful actress。
不定冠词的用法如下:
2.如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头,而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素,就用an。例如hour, honest。
(一) 不定冠词
不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音决定。以元音开头的词前用an,以辅音(包括半元音,不是元音字母)开头的词前用a。例如:
辅音字母或半元音开头:a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man
元音或半元音开头:an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera
值得注意的是:
1.如果不定冠词后面第一个词以辅音音素开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform; 以元音音素开头用an .例如:an uncle , an apple 。
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