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6、影响人口模式转变的因素:生产力水平、国家政策、自然环境、社会福利、文化观念

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5、人口增长模式与相应人口问题

      人口增长                                              人口问题

  历   原始低增长阶段--“高高低”模式--原始型       人口增长过快

  史   加速增长阶段---“高低高”模式--传统型------儿童比重过大

  轨   增长减缓阶段--                    人口增长缓慢

  迹   低速增长阶段--“低低低”模式--现代型-------人口老龄化

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4、人口的发展一定要与经济社会发展相协调,与环境的承载力相适应。

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3、发达国家与发展中国家人口增长差异

 
自然增长率水平
人口增长特点及成因
今后变化趋势
发达国家
保持较低水平
受生育观念、生活质量、社会经济发展水平影响,增长缓慢
今后几十年,人口数量将比较稳定,一些国家还会逐渐减少
发展中国家
水平较高
由于政治独立,民族经济发展,医疗卫生事业进步,死亡率下降,人口增长很快
采取了控制人口的措施,人口增长速度将趋缓,但人口数量还将增加
中国
水平较低
增长缓慢
人口基数大

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2、人口自然增长最根本因素:生产力水平的高低

        决定因素:自然增长率、出生率、死亡率

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1、10年来人口增长

历史时期
人类的生产劳动
人口数量和增长情况
人口变化的原因
农业革命之前
主要从事采集和狩猎
人口数量化少,增长缓慢
人们获取食物的能力低,抵御疾病和灾难水平差,死亡率高
农业革命至工业革命期间
利用简单的工具从事农业活动
人口数量增多,增长速度加快
耕作和灌溉技术发展,食物供应变得稳定而可靠,死亡率下降
工业革命以后
工业生产活动迅速扩大和发展
人口数量继续增加,增长速度更加迅猛
用科学技术武装起来的人类不断壮大着改造自然的能力,人们能获得充足的食物和完善的医疗服务,死亡率降低

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 第二节  写作(共35分)    假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Jack来信询问你平时周末的生活情况,请根据下列提示写一封回信。  1.学习……  2.休闲……  3.其他……  注意:  1.词数:l00左右;   .  2.格式已给出,不计人总词数。  Jan.2,2010  Dear Jack,

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 第一节:单项填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)

21. In face of _______ failure , it is the most  important  to keep up__________good state of mood .  A. /; a    B. a; /      C. the; /      D. /; the  22. Most animals have  little connection with animals of a different kind , _______ they hunt them for food .  A. if     B while       C. unless       D. as  23.____ Sunday, the students are at home.  A. Being     B. To be     C. It is      D. It being  24. In front of the farmhouse ______.  A.lay a poor man       B.laid a poor man  C.a poor man lay       D.did a poor man lie

25    the weather,the sports meet will be held on time.

A. Instead of  B. In relation to  C. Regardless of    D. In favor of  26. This book_______a true story of how one person can make a difference in the lives of other people.  A. will tell     B. has told     C. tells      D. told  27._________some of the wine -- perhaps you will enjoy it.  A. Trying      B. Try       C. To try     D. Have tried  28. - Are they coming to help us?  -- ____________.  A. I do so      B. I do hope     C. I hope they do  D. I hope so  29. Astronaut Zhai Zhigang has become the first Chinese________ in space.  A. walking     B. walked      C. walks   D. to walk  30. A plan has been put forward __ more graduates should go to work in the country  A. when      B. that       C. whether    D. how  31. Shy people often avoid situations _________ require close contact with other people.  A. that         B. what         C. when         D. where  32. - The drunk driver wishes he _________ so many injuries in the accident.  - But he _________.  A. hadn't caused; had        B. didn't cause; did  C. hadn't caused; did                 D. hasn't caused; has  33. The influence the parents _________ on their children _________ great.  A. take; are      B. take; is      C. have; are      D. have; is  34. Look! She is coming here and there _________.  A. goes the bus     B. going the bus   C. the bus goes   D. the bus going  35. He works in Beijing but knows much about London, for he _____ there for a long time.

A. lives          B. lived          C. has lived      D. has been living  第二节 完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)  "Daddy" Bruce Randolph was around five-feet-eight and slightly built.At the age of sixty-one, he  36  Daddy Bruce's Barbecue Restaurant in the "Five Points" area, a  37  section of Denver.There is debate about   38  his ribs(排骨) were the best in town but no debate on the man himself.He fed people - not just his  39  , but the poor and the homeless.Every Thanksgiving, Daddy and his son began   40  for the crowds of the homeless.He wanted them to have a great   41  on the one day this country celebrates Thanksgiving.  In the  42  years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket.But as time went by, the   43  sky-rocketed as the crowds grew.That's when Daddy's admirers, athletes, politicians, policemen  44  others stepped in to  45  They donated tons of turkeys, potatoes and ribs and even donated their  46  to stand beside the old man and volunteered to cook and  47  .  It seemed there was an endless   48  of food to feed the crowds.No one ever walked away 49  from Daddy Bruce.It was Daddy who started the whole thing and managed it   50 a few year ago when he edged toward ninety.He had become too  51  to work anymore.He was one of few people who lived to see a city street  52  in his honor-"Bruce Randolph Boulevard".A couple of years later.Daddy Bruce died.When asked why he  53  to feed the thousands of poor and hungry people for over twenty-five years, his  54  was simple, "You can't beat love.If you give just one thing, you get more things  55  .That's why I do it."  36.A.built    B.opened   C.passed    D.sold  37.A.poor    B.rich   C.beautiful    D.lonely  38.A.what    B.why   C.where    D.whether  39.A.customers    B.admirers   C.friends    D.volunteers  40.A.cooking    B.looking   C.caring    D.waiting  41.A.holiday    B.surprise   C.dinner    D.thank  42.A.early    B.later   C.past    D.recent  43.A.prices    B.foods   C.customers    D.costs  44.A.as soon as    B.as many as   C.as far as    D.as well as  45.A.pay    B.buy   C.interview    D.help  46.A.money    B.time   C.dinner    D.food  47.A.serve    B.pay   C.eat    D.share  48.A.supply    B.hope   C.exchange    D.production  49.A.happy    B.angry   C.thankful    D.hungry  50.A.before    B.after   C.until    D.since  51.A.long    B.old   C.hopeless    D.discouraged  52.A.named    B.remembered   C.built    D.praised  53.A.helped    B.supported   C.expected    D.volunteered  54.A.question    B.love   C.reply    D.plan  55.A.away    B.back   C.out    D.down

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