6、影响人口模式转变的因素:生产力水平、国家政策、自然环境、社会福利、文化观念
5、人口增长模式与相应人口问题
人口增长 人口问题
历 原始低增长阶段--“高高低”模式--原始型 人口增长过快
史 加速增长阶段---“高低高”模式--传统型------儿童比重过大
轨 增长减缓阶段-- 人口增长缓慢
迹 低速增长阶段--“低低低”模式--现代型-------人口老龄化
4、人口的发展一定要与经济社会发展相协调,与环境的承载力相适应。
3、发达国家与发展中国家人口增长差异
|
自然增长率水平 |
人口增长特点及成因 |
今后变化趋势 |
发达国家 |
保持较低水平 |
受生育观念、生活质量、社会经济发展水平影响,增长缓慢 |
今后几十年,人口数量将比较稳定,一些国家还会逐渐减少 |
发展中国家 |
水平较高 |
由于政治独立,民族经济发展,医疗卫生事业进步,死亡率下降,人口增长很快 |
采取了控制人口的措施,人口增长速度将趋缓,但人口数量还将增加 |
中国 |
水平较低 |
增长缓慢 |
人口基数大 |
2、人口自然增长最根本因素:生产力水平的高低
决定因素:自然增长率、出生率、死亡率
1、10年来人口增长
历史时期 |
人类的生产劳动 |
人口数量和增长情况 |
人口变化的原因 |
农业革命之前 |
主要从事采集和狩猎 |
人口数量化少,增长缓慢 |
人们获取食物的能力低,抵御疾病和灾难水平差,死亡率高 |
农业革命至工业革命期间 |
利用简单的工具从事农业活动 |
人口数量增多,增长速度加快 |
耕作和灌溉技术发展,食物供应变得稳定而可靠,死亡率下降 |
工业革命以后 |
工业生产活动迅速扩大和发展 |
人口数量继续增加,增长速度更加迅猛 |
用科学技术武装起来的人类不断壮大着改造自然的能力,人们能获得充足的食物和完善的医疗服务,死亡率降低 |
第二节 写作(共35分) 假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Jack来信询问你平时周末的生活情况,请根据下列提示写一封回信。 1.学习…… 2.休闲…… 3.其他…… 注意: 1.词数:l00左右; . 2.格式已给出,不计人总词数。 Jan.2,2010 Dear Jack,
第一节:单项填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)
21. In face of _______ failure , it is the most important to keep up__________good state of mood . A. /; a B. a; / C. the; / D. /; the 22. Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind , _______ they hunt them for food . A. if B while C. unless D. as 23.____ Sunday, the students are at home. A. Being B. To be C. It is D. It being 24. In front of the farmhouse ______. A.lay a poor man B.laid a poor man C.a poor man lay D.did a poor man lie
25 the weather,the sports meet will be held on time.
A. Instead of B. In relation to C. Regardless of D. In favor of 26. This book_______a true story of how one person can make a difference in the lives of other people. A. will tell B. has told C. tells D. told 27._________some of the wine -- perhaps you will enjoy it. A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried 28. - Are they coming to help us? -- ____________. A. I do so B. I do hope C. I hope they do D. I hope so 29. Astronaut Zhai Zhigang has become the first Chinese________ in space. A. walking B. walked C. walks D. to walk 30. A plan has been put forward __ more graduates should go to work in the country A. when B. that C. whether D. how 31. Shy people often avoid situations _________ require close contact with other people. A. that B. what C. when D. where 32. - The drunk driver wishes he _________ so many injuries in the accident. - But he _________. A. hadn't caused; had B. didn't cause; did C. hadn't caused; did D. hasn't caused; has 33. The influence the parents _________ on their children _________ great. A. take; are B. take; is C. have; are D. have; is 34. Look! She is coming here and there _________. A. goes the bus B. going the bus C. the bus goes D. the bus going 35. He works in Beijing but knows much about London, for he _____ there for a long time.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. has been living 第二节 完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) "Daddy" Bruce Randolph was around five-feet-eight and slightly built.At the age of sixty-one, he 36 Daddy Bruce's Barbecue Restaurant in the "Five Points" area, a 37 section of Denver.There is debate about 38 his ribs(排骨) were the best in town but no debate on the man himself.He fed people - not just his 39 , but the poor and the homeless.Every Thanksgiving, Daddy and his son began 40 for the crowds of the homeless.He wanted them to have a great 41 on the one day this country celebrates Thanksgiving. In the 42 years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket.But as time went by, the 43 sky-rocketed as the crowds grew.That's when Daddy's admirers, athletes, politicians, policemen 44 others stepped in to 45 .They donated tons of turkeys, potatoes and ribs and even donated their 46 to stand beside the old man and volunteered to cook and 47 . It seemed there was an endless 48 of food to feed the crowds.No one ever walked away 49 from Daddy Bruce.It was Daddy who started the whole thing and managed it 50 a few year ago when he edged toward ninety.He had become too 51 to work anymore.He was one of few people who lived to see a city street 52 in his honor-"Bruce Randolph Boulevard".A couple of years later.Daddy Bruce died.When asked why he 53 to feed the thousands of poor and hungry people for over twenty-five years, his 54 was simple, "You can't beat love.If you give just one thing, you get more things 55 .That's why I do it." 36.A.built B.opened C.passed D.sold 37.A.poor B.rich C.beautiful D.lonely 38.A.what B.why C.where D.whether 39.A.customers B.admirers C.friends D.volunteers 40.A.cooking B.looking C.caring D.waiting 41.A.holiday B.surprise C.dinner D.thank 42.A.early B.later C.past D.recent 43.A.prices B.foods C.customers D.costs 44.A.as soon as B.as many as C.as far as D.as well as 45.A.pay B.buy C.interview D.help 46.A.money B.time C.dinner D.food 47.A.serve B.pay C.eat D.share 48.A.supply B.hope C.exchange D.production 49.A.happy B.angry C.thankful D.hungry 50.A.before B.after C.until D.since 51.A.long B.old C.hopeless D.discouraged 52.A.named B.remembered C.built D.praised 53.A.helped B.supported C.expected D.volunteered 54.A.question B.love C.reply D.plan 55.A.away B.back C.out D.down
湖北省互联网违法和不良信息举报平台 | 网上有害信息举报专区 | 电信诈骗举报专区 | 涉历史虚无主义有害信息举报专区 | 涉企侵权举报专区
违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com