7. Any driver _______ a license ought to be punished.

　A. doesn't have B. having no C. has not D. not having

　Key: 1-4 DBCC 5-7 BAD

6. It rained heavily, _______ severe (严重的) flooding in the country.

　A. causing B. to cause C. caused D. being caused

5. _______ the idiom, he looked it up in the dictionary.

　A. Not learning

　B. Never having learned

　C. Having learned

　D. Having been learned

4. _______ your homework, you mustn't listen to the music.

　A. When do B. When to do C. When doing D. When you doing

3.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.

　A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added

2. The secretary worked late into the night, _______ a long speech for the president.

　A. who prepars B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

1. -You are brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　-Well, now I regret _______ that.

　A. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done

4. 作状语

　现在分词作状语可以表示伴随、原因、条件、结果等。如:

　All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new teacher to come. 所有的学生都坐在教室里等待新老师的到来。 (伴随)

　Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. (由于)没有收到他的回信,她决定再写一封。 (原因)

　Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. (如果)从小山顶上看,你会发现这座城市更美丽。(条件)

　My parents went to a birthday party yesterday, leaving me alone at home. 昨天我父母去参加一个生日舞会,留下我一个人在家。(结果)

　值得注意的是,现在分词作状语时如果句中主语不是自己的逻辑主语,也可以带自己的主语,构成独立主格结构.此外, 现在分词也可以用在with的复合结构中表示其逻辑主语是分词动作的发出者。如:

　Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow. 如果明天天气允许的话,我们将去野餐。(独立主格结构)

　With a guide leading the way, we found the village easily. 由于有向导引路,我们轻易就找到了那个村庄。(含with的复合结构作状语)

　实践演练:

3. 作宾语补足语

　动词的现在分词作宾补表明宾语正在进行的动作。可以带现在分词作宾补的动词有find, see, hear, watch, have, get, catch, keep, leave等。如:

　When I came in, I found him lying in bed. 我进来时发现他躺在床上。

2. 作表语

　现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等修饰。如:

　The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。

　The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。

　现在分词作表语与现在分词用于进行时态表达的意义是不同的.作表语,说明主语具备的性质,描述的是一种状态;而与助动词be构成现在进行时态和过去进行时态则强调动作正在发生,侧重对动作的描述。试比较:

　Mr. Zhang is encouraging his students to study English thoroughly. 张老师在鼓励学生们学好英语.

　The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。