1. Finding her car stolen, ____. (2001 上海)

　　　 A. a policeman was asked to help

　　　 B. the area was searched thoroughly

　　　 C. it was looked for everywhere

　　　 D. she hurried to a policeman for help

2. I will do everything I can to help you.

　 我会竭尽全力帮助你。

　 do everything / all / what one can to do sth. else = do as

　 much as one can to do sth. = spare no pains to do sth.

　 在do everything / all one can to do sth. else 结构中，

　 everything，all后省略了关联词that，can后省略了

　 do，这儿的不定式to do表示目的。

　　 He will do everything / all / what he can to catch up with

　　 his classmates.

　　 他竭尽全力赶上他的同学。

　　 We should do　 as　 much as　 we　 can to make　 our

　　 hometown more and more beautiful.

我们要竭尽全力把我们的家乡建设得越来越美丽。

[句型归纳]

[考点1]Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a par-

adise for skiers. 坐落在奥地利南部的Kitzbuhei是一个

滑雪者的乐园。

本句中，要注意非谓语动词作状语的用法。非渭语动

词作状语时，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

在使用时，要根据它跟句子主语的逻辑关系确定其形

式为现在分词、过去分词还是动词不定式。例如：

Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beau-

tiful. 从山顶上看，公园更漂亮。(动词see和句子的主

语we是动宾关系，故用过去分词Seen)

Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see a more beau-

tiful park. 从山顶上看，公园更漂亮。(动词see和句子

的主语the park是主谓关系，故用现在分词Seeing)

[考例1](2004上海)Having been attacked by terror-

ists, ____.

　　 A. doctors came to their rescue

　　 B. the tall building collapsed

　　 C. an emergency measure was taken

　　 D. warnings were given to tourists

[考查目标] 本题考查考生对非谓语动词的运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 非谓语动词作状语时，跟句子的主语

构成逻辑关系。Having been attacked by terrorists为

分词作原因状语，通过对本句的分析不难看出只有the

tall building才是attack的对象。

[考点2]By comparing prices and offers．you can also

make your travel budget last longer. 通过比较价格和条

件．你也可以使你的预算更节省。

本句中，by相当于by means of，意为“用；由”，表示方

法、原因、手段，与动词-ing形式连用。例如：

You must learn spoken English by speaking a lot. 要想

提高英语口语水平，你得多说。

Learning by doing is a good way to learn a skill. 学会技

巧的良好方法就是在做中学。

[考例2](2001京、皖春招) One learns a language by

making mistakes and ____ them.

　　 A. correct　　 B. correcting

　　 C. corrects　　 D. to correct

[考查目标] 本题考查考生对非谓语动词的运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 介词后应接名词或动名词作宾语，并

要求在结构上一致。此题中，by后有两个动名词短语

作宾语。

[考点3]Ever since the Civil War。the South has strug-

gled to find ways t0 deal with its troubled past. 自美国内

战以来。美国南部就一直争取找到处理动乱的过去的

方式。

ever since “从那时起一直到现在；此后一直”，既可以单

独使用．也可跟句子或名词。例如：

He went to Paris in 1 960 and has lived there ever since.

1960年他去了巴黎，此后一直住在那里。

I have been working as a teacher ever since my gradua-

tion. 从毕业时起，我一直在当教师。

[考例3](2004上海) The first use of atomic weapons

was in 1945,and their power ____ increased enor-

mously ever since.

　　 A. is　　 B. was

　　 C. has been　　 D. had been

[考查目标] 本题考查考生对动词时态的辨析和运用能

力

[答案与解析]C　 本题的关键在于抓住信息词ever

since(自此以后，用于现在完成时态)。

[考点4]Bison were killed for their meat, while their fur

provided warm clothing during coId winters. 野牛被杀了

吃肉。同时皮毛被制成御寒的冬衣o

while 为并列连词，连接并列句，意为“而，却”，表示句

子前后意义上的对比。

[考例4](NMET 1995) She thought I was talking

about her daughter, ____ in fact, I was talking

　about my ddughter.

　　 A. whom　　 B. where

　　 C. which　 D. while

[考查目标] 本题考查连词的区别。

[答案与解析]D　 选项A中的whom指人；选项B中

的where指地方；选项 C 中的which指哪一个；只有选

项D中的while表示转折．符合句子的语境：“她认为

我在说她的女儿，而实际上。我是在说我自己的女儿。”

[牛刀小试3]

1. I'm so sorry.

　 [辨析](I'm) sorry. 和 Excuse me. 和 (I beg your)

　 pardon.

　 1)当做错了事或说错了话之后表示歉意时，常用

　 (I'm) sorry.

　 Oh, sorry, I have kept you waiting so long.

　 对不起，让你久等了。

　 I'm sorry, but I can't go to the office today.

　 对不起，我今天不能去上班。

　 [注意] 有时没有理解或听清对方的话时，也可说

　 I'm sorry. 或 Sorry.

　 Sorry, I didn't quite catch you just now.

　 对不起，我刚才没听到你说的话。

　 2) 当要说的话、做的事可能引起对方不便或可能打

　 扰对方时，或者要引起对方注意时，事先常说Excuse

　 me.

　 Excuse me, is this watch yours?

　 请问，这是你的手表吗?

　 Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?

　 Excuse me, just a moment.

　 3) 比较正式的场合常用I beg your pardon. 也可以说

　 Beg your pardon. 或 Pardon. 它可以用在下面几种场

　 合：做了错事道歉时；谈话中提出异议以前；没听清

　 对方的话，希望对方重复一遍时。

　 I beg your pardon, he was not there.

　 Pardon, could you say it again?

5. manage, try

　 manage (to do) sth. 意为“克服困难，经过努力后设

　 法完成或做到某事”，含有成功之意。

　 He managed to organize a live concert. = He succeeded

　 in organizing a live concert.

　 他终于组织了一场现场演唱会。

　 try to do sth. 意为“试图做，尽力做某事”，强调动作，

　 是否成功，并不肯定。

　 He tried to work it out, but he failed.

　 他尽力去解决，但没结果。

　 try (doing) sth. 尝试(做)某事，强调方式。

　　 ☆句型诠释☆

4. advise, suggest

　 advise 与 suggest 都可作“建议”讲，二者用法有同有

　 异。

　 (1) 相同点

　 表示建议做某事，advise 与 suggest 都可采用下列三

　 种句型：

　 ① + 名词

　 ② + 动名词

　 ③ + that从句(从句中常用should加动词原形，

　 should可以省略。)

　 He advised / suggested an early start.

　 他建议早点动身。

　 He advised / suggested (our) starting early.

　 他建议我们早点动身。

　 He advised / suggested that we (should) start early.

　 他建议我们早点动身。

　 [注意]只要是用从句表示建议该做的事，从句中就

　 可用“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。

　 上面的第三句可转化为：

　 It was suggested that we (should) start early.

　 What he suggested was that we (should) start early.

　 His suggestion was that we (should) start early.

　 (2) 不同点

　 ① advise 后可以跟人称代词作宾语，而 suggest 后不

　 可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说：

　 advise sb. to do sth.；advise sb. against (doing) sth.；

　 advise sb. on / about sth.；suggest (to sb.) that...

　 前三种结构中不可将 advise 改为 suggest。

　 他建议我们去参观博物馆。

　 [正] He advised uS to go to visit the museum.

　 [误] He suggested us to go to visit the museum.

　 [误]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.

　 ② suggest 还有“暗示、表明、说、指出 (一个事实)”的

　 意思。此时从句中用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。

　 The smile on hisface suggested that he was pleased.

　 他脸上的笑容表明他很满意。

　 Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that

　 the patient was seriously ill.

　 细心检查之后，医生指出病人病得很厉害。(句中

　 suggest 陈述了一个事实，故用陈述语气。) 比较：

　 Having examined earefully, the doctor suggested that

　 the patient be operated on at once. (句中suggest表示

　 建议该做某事，从句中用should加动词原形，should

　 在从句中省略。)

3. provide, supply, offer

　 provide vt. 供给；提供

n. The hotel will provide tents.

这个宾馆会给我们提供帐篷。

n. + for sb. = sb. + with sth.

They provide food aud books for the children.

他们给孩子们提供食物和书本。

= They provide the children with food and books.

provide for 赡养，抚养

He had to provide for a big family.

他得抚莽一个大家庭。

supply vt. 提供……；供给……

supply n. / sth. to sb. = sb. with sth.

They didn't supply those children with books for

studying.

他们没有给那些孩子提供学习用书。

= They didn't supply books to those children for

studying．

offer n. (主动)提出(给予)(做某事)

offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.

I've been offered a job in Japan.

我已经在日本找到了一份工作。

offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事。

He provide for his family by working in a bookshop.

The water supply here is good.

　 They offered him a lift, but he didn't accept.

2. dare, need

　 dare和need这两个词的用法有它们独特的地方。

　 词性有两种而且不同的词性决定了，它们不同的用

　 法。对中学生来讲掌握它们的用法有一定的难度，

　 重点难在对词性的判断，它们町以作为情态动词用

　 (其后不带to)，又可以作为行为动词用(后面要带

　 t0)。

　 Something is wrong with my watch. It needs

　 repairing.

　 I don't dare to ask the teachers for advice in the office.

　 He needs to come to school to give us a lecture on how

　 to learn English.

　 She dare not make loud noise while her father is

　 sleeping．

1. be known as, be known for, be known to, be known

　 by

　 be known by 凭……而被知道

　 be known for 因……而著名

　 be known to 为……所知

　 be known as 以……知名；被认为是；称为

　 makeoneself knownto sb. 向某人作自我介绍

　 make sth．known to sb. 把某事(向某人)公布

　 The African lion is known as the king of the forest.

5. The light bulb m the bathroom ____ and Father

　 put in a new one.

　　 A. burned down　　 B. burned off

　　 C. burned up　　 D. burned out

　　 ☆词语比较☆

4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he

　 was ____ from the outside world．

　　 A. knocked off　　 B. driven off

　　 C. cut off　　 D. broken off