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7.think of考虑、认为;想起;认定

   [举例](1) What do you think of the play?你认为那出戏怎么样?

      (2) I This picture makes me think of my childhood.

这照片令我想起我的童年。

   (3)  I think of him as a happy person with lots of friends.

我认为他是一个快乐的、有许多朋友的人。

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6.tear n. 眼泪(通常用复数形式)

   [举例](1) The sad play moved us to tears.那曲悲哀的戏使我们感动得流下了眼泪。

      (2) Seeing the fat lady burst into tears, the children couldn't help laughing. 看到那位胖太太放声大哭,孩子们忍不住大笑起来。

(3) The little girl was in tears.那小姑娘泪流满面。

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5. have...in mind 在想……

   [举例] She told her boss what she had in mind.她把心中所想的告诉了老板。

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4.reach  v.伸、到达;扩展,延伸,蔓延

   [举例] (1)My hand can't reach so high.我的手没法伸到那么高的地方。

     (2) Audiences for his shows reach well into the millions.

看他的节目的观众达数百万人之多。

     (3) His farmland reaches to the river.  他的农田延伸到河边。

     (4) The vine reaches toward the light.藤蔓朝着向阳的角度蔓延。

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3.fun n. 玩笑、乐趣、乐事

   [举例] (1) He is full of fun.她很爱开玩笑。

(2)We had a lot of fun at the party.我们在聚会中玩得很痛快。

(3)It's great fun playing golf.打高尔夫球很有趣。

[搭配] for fun ……开玩笑

    make fun of 取笑…, 拿…开玩笑

[举例](1) I did it just for fun.我做那件事只是为了好玩而已。

(2)They made fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.

他们取笑她穿着如此怪异的衣服。

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2.make+宾语+宾语补语

   [用法]make作使役动词时,其后可以接(不带t。的)不定式,过去分词、名词或形容词作宾语补足语。

   [举例] (1)Can you make people laugh without words? 你不讲话能使人发笑吗?

       (2)He was made to come. 他被迫来的。

       (3)I can't make myself understood. 我表达不清楚我的意思。

       (4)She tried to make her voice heard. 她尽量让别人听到他说话的声音。

       (5)What he said made me happy. 他的话使我听了很高兴。

       (6)We made him monitor. 我们选他为班长。

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1. wish v.  但愿、希望、期盼

   [举例] (1)Wish me luck!  祝我走运吧!(wish + sb.+ n.)

      (2)They wished us a pleasant journey. 他们祝我们旅途愉快。

      (3)I wish you a happy birthday (New Year). 祝你生日愉快(新年愉快)。

      (4)It's no use wishing for things you can't have. (wish for sth./sb.)

        想要获得得不到的事物是徒劳的。

      (5)I wish to leave my property to my children. (wish to do sth.)

        我想把财产留给子女。

      (6)Do you wish me to serve dinner now? (wish sb. to do sth. )

你想让我现在开饭吗?

      (7)I wish you could fly back to me!  但愿你能回到我的身边。

(表示与将来事实相反,宾语从句用could,would等+动词原形)

      (8)I wish I know what was going to happen. 但愿我能知道要发生什么事。

(表示与现在事实相反,宾语从句用动词的过去时。)

      (9)I wish you had told me earlier. 你早些告诉我就好了。

        (表示与过去事实相反,宾语从句用过去完成时。)

[注意]不能说hope sb.to do sth.,且hope的宾语从句用现在时态。

      I hope everything goes well with your work.祝你工作如意,事事顺心。

   [拓展]wish也可作名词,“愿望、心愿”,还常用复数形式表示“祝福”。

   [举例](1) a wish for peace 祈求和平

  (2) It's always been my wish to live alone.我一直盼望单独生活。

  (3)Please send my best wishes to your family. 请代我问候你的家人。

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2.在学习过程中,我们经常遇到one,it, that作代词的用法要注意分析、比较它们的用法,辨别它们的不同处。

    在英语中为了避免重复上文的某个名词,常用心one或that来代替。让所指的事物和前面提到的事物是同一件事物,所以让代表的名词属于特指的。

     I bought a knife and lent it to him.我买了一把小刀,借给他了。

I drank some ice tea but it made me more thirsty.我喝了点凉茶,却更渴了。

     one所代表的名词和前面所提到的名词只是同一类,并非指同一个,而且指同类中的任何一个,不是只指其中某一个。所以one所指的名词属于不定的,单数用one,复数形式为ones,而且one所替代的名词必须是可数名词,不能替代不可数名词。

     Mary needs a new dictionary. She is going to buy one.

玛丽需要一本新字典,她打算买一本。

This watch is too expensive, show me a cheaper one, please.

这块表太贵了,请给我较便宜的一块。

I don't want these green apples; I want the red ones.

      我不想要这些绿苹果;我要红的。

    that和one都是指同一类事物而不是指同一个事物,但that替代有定冠词的名词。为特定的,而且还可以替代不可数名词。

    The cost of oil is less than that of gas.石油的价格低于天然气的价格。

The voice of a woman is sweeter than that of a man.

女人的声音比男人的声音悦耳。

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1. 用于强调句中除谓语以外的任何一成分,其句型为It + is/was+被强调部分+that(强调部分指人也可用who/whom)十句子其他成分。如:

It was Tom who/that met your brother in the park yesterday.(强调主语Tom)

   It was your brother whom / that Tom met in the park. (强调宾语your brother)

   It was in the park that Tom met your brother yesterday.(强调地点状语in the park)

It was yesterday that Tom met your brother in the park. (强调时间状语yesterday)

   使用强调句型应注意下列几点:

   ①无论被强调部分是什么,总是用his/was...that...(强调指人的主语that可换成who,指人的宾语可换成whom)

    It was they who (that) built the house last year.是他们去年盖了这座房子。

   ②强调主语时,谓语动词必须和原主语一致。如:

    It is I who am to blame.是我应受到责备。

③注意此句型与定语从句的区别。如:

  It was in this factory that my father used to work.

    我父亲过去是在这个厂工作的。(强调句型)   

    It was this factory that my father used to work in. 

    这就是我父亲工作过的那家工厂。(定语从句)

   另外,it还经常用于构成下列句型,在学习过程中应多加注意。如:

①   It's... since  ....  It's five years since we last met.

从我们上次见面至今已有五年了。 

②   It's... before  ....  It won't be long before we meet again

不久我们会再见面的。

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16.本单元的语法重点是学习it的另一用法:作为强调句型的引导词。

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